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La selección natural y el refuerzo del reconocimiento de pareja
M Higgie1, S Chenoweth, M W Blows
1Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia 4072, Australia. MHiggie@zoology.uq.edu.au
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 20, 2000
Resumen
La selección natural impulsa la especiación a través del desplazamiento de los caracteres reproductivos. Los experimentos mostraron que las poblaciones alopátricas de Drosophila serrata evolucionaron para coincidir con las poblaciones simpátricas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
- Especificación Investigación Investigación
- Ecología del comportamiento Ecología del comportamiento.
Sus antecedentes:
- El reconocimiento de pareja es un factor clave en la especiación.
- El desplazamiento del carácter reproductivo ocurre cuando las especies con rangos superpuestos desarrollan rasgos distintos de reconocimiento de pareja.
- Las poblaciones de Drosophila serrata exhiben un desplazamiento de carácter reproductivo en los hidrocarburos cuticulares cuando son simpátricas con Drosophila birchii.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el papel de la selección natural en el reconocimiento de la pareja en la conducción del desplazamiento del carácter reproductivo.
- Para probar experimentalmente la respuesta evolutiva de los hidrocarburos cuticulares en Drosophila serrata bajo simpatía.
Principales métodos:
- Se expusieron poblaciones alopátricas y simpátricas de Drosophila serrata recolectadas en el campo a la simpatía experimental con Drosophila birchii durante nueve generaciones.
- Se analizaron los cambios en los perfiles cuticulares de hidrocarburos como medida de los rasgos de reconocimiento del compañero.
Principales resultados:
- Los hidrocarburos cuticulares de las poblaciones alopátricas de campo de Drosophila serrata evolucionaron para parecerse a las de las poblaciones simpátricas de campo.
- Las poblaciones simátricas de campo de Drosophila serrata no mostraron cambios significativos en los hidrocarburos cuticulares.
- La simpatía experimental indujo cambios evolutivos en los rasgos de reconocimiento de pareja.
Conclusiones:
- La selección natural en el reconocimiento de la pareja es un importante impulsor del desplazamiento del carácter reproductivo.
- El estudio valida experimentalmente el papel de la selección natural en la configuración de los patrones de campo observados de desplazamiento del carácter reproductivo.
- Los hidrocarburos cuticulares son rasgos críticos influenciados por la selección natural durante la especiación.
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