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Control bidireccional de la respuesta de las vías respiratorias por los cannabinoides endógenos

A Calignano¹, I Kátona, F Désarnaud

¹Department of Pharmacology, University of Naples, Italy.

|November 18, 2000

Resumen

El cannabinoide anandamida endógeno tiene efectos duales en los nervios de las vías respiratorias, inhibiendo el broncoespasmo pero causándolo cuando se elimina el tono vagal. Esta investigación puede explicar las respuestas a las drogas de cannabis en humanos.

Área de la Ciencia:

Medicina Pulmonar La medicina pulmonar es el tratamiento de las enfermedades pulmonares.
La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
Farmacología Farmacología.

Sus antecedentes:

Los compuestos de cannabis como el delta-9-tetrahidrocannabinol (THC) pueden dilatar las vías respiratorias humanas.
Sin embargo, algunos asmáticos experimentan un broncospasmo paradójico, dejando los mecanismos poco claros.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar los efectos duales de la anandamida en la capacidad de respuesta de las vías respiratorias en roedores.
Para aclarar el papel de los receptores cannabinoides CB1 periféricos en estas respuestas.

Principales métodos:

Se administró anandamida a roedores.
Utilizó la capsaicina para evocar broncoespasmo y tos.
Bloqueo del tono del nervio vagal.
Se ha utilizado el antagonista CB1 SR141716A.

Principales resultados:

La anandamida inhibió el broncoespasmo y la tos inducidos por la capsaicina.
La anandamida causó broncoespasmo cuando se eliminó el tono vagal.
Ambos efectos fueron mediados por receptores CB1 periféricos en los nervios de las vías respiratorias.
La anandamida endógena se sintetiza en el tejido pulmonar.

Conclusiones:

La anandamida exhibe efectos duales en la capacidad de respuesta de las vías respiratorias a través de los receptores CB1 periféricos.
La anandamida generada localmente puede regular la capacidad de respuesta de las vías respiratorias.
Los hallazgos pueden explicar los efectos variables de las drogas de cannabis en humanos y guiar el desarrollo de tratamientos respiratorios.

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