Search research articles

ACERCA DE JoVE

Visión General Liderazgo Blog Centro de Ayuda JoVE

AUTORES

Proceso de Publicación Consejo Editorial Alcance y Políticas Revisión por Pares Preguntas Frecuentes Enviar

BIBLIOTECARIOS

Testimonios Suscripciones Acceso Recursos Consejo Asesor de Bibliotecas Preguntas Frecuentes

INVESTIGACIÓN

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archivo

EDUCACIÓN

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Centro de Recursos para Profesores Sitio de Profesores

Términos y Condiciones de Uso

Política de Privacidad

Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Cell Specific Gene Expression

Cell Specific Gene Expression

Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...

Glucose Absorption Into the Small Intestine

Glucose Absorption Into the Small Intestine

Complex carbohydrates consumed cannot be absorbed into the small intestine in their original form. First, they must be hydrolyzed to a monosaccharide form such as glucose or galactose. These monosaccharides are then transported across the intestinal membrane and into the blood via transcellular transport. The intestinal epithelial cells allow the movement of these monosaccharides with a defined 'entry' through membrane transporter proteins present on their apical membrane and 'exit' via the...

Insulin Secretory Vesicles

Insulin Secretory Vesicles

Insulin secretory vesicles release insulin to stimulate blood glucose uptake and regulate carbohydrate metabolism. When the blood glucose levels increase, glucose enters the pancreatic β-islet cells through glucose transporters. Once inside, glucose is metabolized through glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain, producing ATP. This increase in ATP concentration closes ATP-sensitive potassium channels, leading to depolarization of the membrane and the opening of...

cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways

cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways

Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) is an essential second messenger that activates protein kinase A (PKA) and regulates various biological processes. A single epinephrine molecule binds to GPCR and activates several heterotrimeric G proteins, each stimulating multiple adenylyl cyclase, amplifying the signal, and synthesizing large numbers of cAMP molecules. Small changes in cAMP concentration affect PKA activity. The binding of four cAMP molecules induces a conformational change in PKA,...

Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose

Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose

Carbohydrates consumed through foods are converted into glucose, a crucial energy source for the body. In the prandial state, high blood glucose levels stimulate the secretion of insulin from the pancreas. Insulin inhibits hepatic glucose production and stimulates glucose uptake and metabolism by muscle and adipose tissue. The excess glucose is converted into glycogen and stored in the liver and muscles.
During fasting, when blood glucose levels are low, the pancreas secretes glucagon. it...

Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion

Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion

The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are co-secreted in...

También podría leer

Artículos Relacionados

Artículos vinculados a este trabajo por autores compartidos, revista y gráfico de citas.

Ordenar por

Same author

In Vivo Image-Based 4D Modeling of Competent and Regurgitant Mitral Valve Dynamics.

Experimental mechanics·2021

Same author

Relationships between resilience and quality of life in parents of children with cancer.

Journal of health psychology·2021

Same author

Relationships among hope, psychological well-being and health-related quality of life in childhood cancer survivors.

Journal of health psychology·2019

Same author

Relationships among resilience, self-esteem, and depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents.

Journal of health psychology·2018

Same author

Adventure-based training to promote physical activity and reduce fatigue among childhood cancer survivors: A randomized controlled trial.

International journal of nursing studies·2018

Same author

The importance of beta cell characterisation: generating human beta cells by differentiating human embryonic stem cells.

Diabetologia·2011

Search research articles

Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Jul 20, 2026

Production of Chemicals by Klebsiella pneumoniae Using Bamboo Hydrolysate as Feedstock

Production of Chemicals by Klebsiella pneumoniae Using Bamboo Hydrolysate as Feedstock

Published on: June 29, 2017

La liberación de insulina dependiente de la glucosa de las células K genéticamente modificadas.

A T Cheung¹, B Dayanandan, J T Lewis

¹Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|December 9, 2000

Resumen

Los científicos diseñaron genéticamente las células K intestinales para producir insulina, ofreciendo una nueva terapia potencial para la diabetes. Este enfoque protegió con éxito a los ratones de la diabetes al restaurar el control de la glucosa después de la pérdida de células beta.

Más Videos Relacionados

High-resolution Respirometry to Measure Mitochondrial Function of Intact Beta Cells in the Presence of Natural Compounds

High-resolution Respirometry to Measure Mitochondrial Function of Intact Beta Cells in the Presence of Natural Compounds

Published on: January 23, 2018

In Vivo Monitoring of Transcriptional Activity During Metabolic Transition Using a Bioluminescent Reporter in Yeast

In Vivo Monitoring of Transcriptional Activity During Metabolic Transition Using a Bioluminescent Reporter in Yeast

Published on: February 21, 2025

Videos de Experimentos Relacionados

Last Updated: Jul 20, 2026

Production of Chemicals by Klebsiella pneumoniae Using Bamboo Hydrolysate as Feedstock

Production of Chemicals by Klebsiella pneumoniae Using Bamboo Hydrolysate as Feedstock

Published on: June 29, 2017

High-resolution Respirometry to Measure Mitochondrial Function of Intact Beta Cells in the Presence of Natural Compounds

High-resolution Respirometry to Measure Mitochondrial Function of Intact Beta Cells in the Presence of Natural Compounds

Published on: January 23, 2018

In Vivo Monitoring of Transcriptional Activity During Metabolic Transition Using a Bioluminescent Reporter in Yeast

In Vivo Monitoring of Transcriptional Activity During Metabolic Transition Using a Bioluminescent Reporter in Yeast

Published on: February 21, 2025

Área de la Ciencia:

Biotecnología La biotecnología es la biotecnología.
Endocrinología Endocrinología.
La ingeniería genética es la ingeniería genética.

Sus antecedentes:

La diabetes mellitus se caracteriza por un deterioro de la producción o función de la insulina.
Las terapias actuales a menudo requieren la administración de insulina exógena.
Se necesitan estrategias alternativas para la producción de insulina endógena.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar el potencial de la ingeniería genética de las células no beta para la producción de insulina.
Desarrollar un nuevo enfoque terapéutico para la diabetes utilizando la expresión de insulina regulada por GIP.

Principales métodos:

Utilizó una línea de células K derivadas de tumores para la modificación genética.
Introdujo el gen de la insulina humana vinculado a la región reguladora 5' del gen del polipéptido insulinotrópico dependiente de la glucosa (GIP).
Se evaluó la expresión transgénica y la producción de insulina en ratones.

Principales resultados:

Con éxito indujo la producción de insulina humana específicamente en las células K intestinales de ratones.
Los ratones transgénicos fueron protegidos de desarrollar diabetes inducida químicamente.
La tolerancia a la glucosa se mantuvo en ratones incluso después de la destrucción de las células beta nativas.

Conclusiones:

La ingeniería genética de las células K intestinales para producir insulina es una estrategia terapéutica viable para la diabetes.
La expresión de insulina regulada por GIP en las células no beta ofrece una alternativa potencial a los tratamientos tradicionales para la diabetes.
Este enfoque demuestra la viabilidad de restaurar la homeostasis de la glucosa a través de células intestinales modificadas por ingeniería.