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Transición de primer orden en agua confinada entre las fases líquida de alta densidad y amorfa de baja densidad
1Department of Chemistry, Fukuoka University of Education, Japan. kenkoga@fukuoka-edu.ac.jp
Nature
|December 16, 2000
Resumen
El agua confinada en los poros hidrofóbicos pasa a una fase amorfa de doble capa al enfriarse. Esta nueva transición amorfa líquido-a-bilayer ocurre por encima de las temperaturas de congelación del agua a granel.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Química Física es la química física.
- Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
- Física computacional es la física computacional.
Sus antecedentes:
- El agua súper enfriada y el hielo amorfo exhiben un comportamiento complejo de fase metastable.
- Investigaciones anteriores identificaron transiciones entre sólidos y líquidos amorfos de alta / baja densidad, y una transición de líquido frágil a fuerte en agua confinada.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar nuevas transiciones de fase en el agua confinada dentro de poros hidrofóbicos.
- Para identificar y caracterizar una transición amorfa líquido-a-bilaer por encima del punto de congelación del agua a granel.
Principales métodos:
- Se emplearon simulaciones de dinámica molecular para estudiar el comportamiento del agua.
- Se centró en el agua confinada en poros de ranuras hidrofóbicas con anchos subnanométricos.
Principales resultados:
- Se observó una transición amorfa de primer orden líquido-a-bilar en agua confinada.
- Esta transición ocurre por encima de las temperaturas de congelación del agua a granel, específicamente en los poros hidrofóbicos de hendidura de menos de 1 nm de ancho.
- El enfriamiento transforma el agua confinada de una red de enlaces de hidrógeno imperfecta a una fase amorfa de doble capa con una red de enlaces de hidrógeno poligonal perfecta, pero sin orden de largo alcance.
Conclusiones:
- Para el agua confinada existe un nuevo tipo de transición de fase, líquido-a-bilaer amorfo.
- Esta transición depende de la hidrofobidad de los poros y de la anchura del confinamiento.
- La transición observada comparte similitudes con las transiciones de fase en otras sustancias coordinadas tetraédricamente como el silicio, el carbono y el fósforo.
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