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La temperatura de la radiación cósmica de fondo de microondas en un corrimiento al rojo de 2.34
R Srianand1, P Petitjean, C Ledoux
1IUCAA, Pune, India. anand@iucaa.ernet.in
Nature
|January 5, 2001
Resumen
La radiación cósmica de fondo de microondas era más cálida en el pasado, como lo confirman las nuevas mediciones. Este hallazgo apoya el modelo del Big Bang caliente, que predice un aumento de la temperatura con el corrimiento al rojo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Cosmología Cosmología.
- La astrofísica es la astrofísica.
- Física atómica es la física atómica.
Sus antecedentes:
- El modelo del Big Bang caliente predice que la radiación cósmica de fondo de microondas (CMBR) aumenta la temperatura con el corrimiento al rojo.
- La temperatura CMBR actual en el corrimiento al rojo z=0 se mide con precisión como 2.726 +/- 0.010 K.
- Estudios anteriores solo podían establecer límites superiores de la temperatura de la CMBR en desplazamientos al rojo más altos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para medir la temperatura del CMBR a un desplazamiento al rojo específico alto (z = 2.3371).
- Para probar la predicción del modelo del Big Bang caliente con respecto a la evolución de la temperatura del CMBR.
- Para superar las limitaciones de las mediciones anteriores del límite superior.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizando las líneas de absorción de los niveles de estructura fina atómica de carbono neutro.
- Analizando las transiciones rotacionales del hidrógeno molecular.
- Medición de líneas de estructura fina de carbono ionizado individual.
Principales resultados:
- Líneas de absorción detectadas desde los niveles de estructura fina de carbono neutro en z = 2.3371.1.
- Confirmó la presencia de hidrógeno molecular y carbono ionizado.
- Restringido la temperatura CMBR en z = 2.3371 para estar entre 6.0 K y 14 K.
Conclusiones:
- El CMBR era significativamente más cálido en el universo temprano.
- La temperatura medida se alinea con la predicción de 9.1 K del modelo del Big Bang caliente.
- Este estudio proporciona la primera medición directa de la temperatura de CMBR a un alto corrimiento al rojo.
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