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La dependencia de la escala en la biodiversidad vegetal.

M J Crawley1, J E Harral

  • 1Department of Biology, Natural Environment Research Council Centre for Population Biology, Imperial College, Silwood Park, Ascot SL5 7PY, UK. m.crawley@ic.ac.uk

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 7, 2001
PubMed
Resumen

La relación especie-área, un patrón ecológico clave, muestra que la pendiente (z) varía con la escala espacial y el hábitat. Es probable que diferentes procesos ecológicos den forma a la biodiversidad vegetal a varias escalas.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ecología comunitaria ecología comunitaria.
  • La investigación de la biodiversidad es la investigación de la biodiversidad.
  • Ecología espacial ecología espacial.

Sus antecedentes:

  • La relación especie-área es un patrón ecológico fundamental.
  • Los modelos teóricos y los datos sugieren una pendiente constante (z ≈ 0.25) en las parcelas log-log de riqueza de especies vs. área.
  • Este patrón se observa en diversos taxones de plantas y animales.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para investigar la variabilidad de la pendiente (z) de la relación especie-área a través de diferentes escalas espaciales y hábitats.
  • Para determinar si un solo proceso rige la riqueza de especies en todas las escalas o si los procesos dependientes de la escala están en juego.

Principales métodos:

  • Se recogieron datos de plantas replicadas y aleatorias en 11 escalas espaciales (0,01 a 10 ^ 8 m2) en Gran Bretaña.
  • Analizó la pendiente (z) de las parcelas log-log de la riqueza de especies frente al área.
  • Valores de pendiente comparados en diferentes escalas espaciales y hábitats.

Principales resultados:

  • La pendiente (z) de la relación especie-área no es constante.
  • Los valores de pendiente variaron sistemáticamente con la escala espacial y el tipo de hábitat.
  • Se observaron bajos valores de z en escalas pequeñas (<100 m2) y grandes, y altos valores de z en escalas intermedias (1 ha a 10 km2).

Conclusiones:

  • Diferentes procesos ecológicos influyen en la biodiversidad vegetal en diferentes escalas espaciales.
  • La suposición de una pendiente constante en la relación especie-área puede no ser válida universalmente.
  • Los procesos dependientes de la escala son cruciales para comprender los patrones de biodiversidad.