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Persistencia del ADN de Mycobacterium tuberculosis en tejido pulmonar superficialmente normal durante una infección
R Hernández-Pando1, M Jeyanathan, G Mengistu
1Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.
Lancet (London, England)
|February 24, 2001
Resumen
La tuberculosis latente por Mycobacterium puede persistir dentro de las células pulmonares, incluidos los macrófagos y otras células no fagocíticas, incluso sin lesiones activas de tuberculosis. Este hallazgo tiene un impacto en las estrategias para eliminar los bacilos persistentes de la tuberculosis.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología Microbiología.
- Inmunología Inmunología.
- Pulmonología Pulmonología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Un tercio de la población mundial alberga una infección latente por Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
- La reactivación de los bacilos latentes de la tuberculosis es una causa primaria de enfermedad activa en regiones de baja endemicidad.
- Comprender la ubicación celular de los bacilos latentes es crucial para desarrollar estrategias de eliminación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para determinar la ubicación celular de los organismos latentes de Mycobacterium tuberculosis dentro del tejido pulmonar.
- Para identificar las células no macrófagas que pueden albergar bacilos latentes de la tuberculosis.
Principales métodos:
- La PCR in situ y la PCR convencional se aplicaron al tejido pulmonar macroscópicamente normal.
- Se analizaron muestras de individuos en Etiopía y México, con individuos noruegos como controles negativos.
- Los controles positivos incluyeron tejido pulmonar de casos de tuberculosis etíopes.
Principales resultados:
- La PCR in situ detectó ADN de Mycobacterium tuberculosis en tejido pulmonar macroscópicamente normal de individuos etíopes (5/13) y mexicanos (10/34).
- La PCR convencional confirmó estos hallazgos.
- Las células positivas identificadas incluyeron macrófagos alveolares e intersticiales, neumocitos tipo II, células endoteliales y fibroblastos.
Conclusiones:
- La Mycobacterium tuberculosis puede persistir intracelularmente en el tejido pulmonar sin lesiones tuberculosas evidentes.
- Los bacilos latentes residen tanto en los macrófagos como en las células fagocíticas no profesionales.
- Estos hallazgos desafían la visión tradicional de los bacilos latentes que residen únicamente en lesiones tuberculosas antiguas, lo que afecta a las futuras estrategias de eliminación.
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