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Pruebas geoquímicas de agua magmática dentro de Marte de piroxenos en el meteorito Shergotty
H Y McSween1, T L Grove, R C Lentz
1Department of Geological Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996, USA. mcsween@utk.edu
Nature
|February 24, 2001
Resumen
La actividad volcánica en Marte puede haber entregado agua significativa a la superficie. El análisis del meteorito Shergotty sugiere que los primeros magmas contenían hasta un 1,8% de agua, lo que desafía las suposiciones anteriores sobre el agua marciana.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
- La geoquímica es la geoquímica.
- Volcanología Volcanología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La morfología de la superficie marciana sugiere que existió un antiguo océano en Marte.
- Se planteó la hipótesis de la desgasificación volcánica como fuente de agua, pero el bajo contenido de agua magmática inferida contradijo esto.
- Los meteoritos marcianos ígneos generalmente muestran un bajo contenido de agua.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el potencial de la desgasificación volcánica para suministrar agua a la superficie marciana.
- Para conciliar los datos geológicos y petrológicos con respecto a la historia de desgasificación de Marte.
- Para determinar el contenido de agua del magma preeruptivo en Marte.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de las distribuciones de oligoelementos dentro de los piroxenos del meteorito Shergotty.
- Realización de experimentos de cristalización hidrosa y anhidra.
- Comparando las composiciones del núcleo interior y el borde exterior de los minerales de piroxeno.
Principales resultados:
- Los núcleos internos de piroxeno en el meteorito Shergotty están enriquecidos en oligoelementos solubles en comparación con los bordes externos.
- Este enriquecimiento indica que el agua estaba presente en las profundidades del magma.
- El agua se perdió en gran medida durante el ascenso del magma a la superficie.
- El contenido de agua del magma marciano preeruptivo podría haber sido tan alto como 1.8%.
Conclusiones:
- Es probable que los magmas ascendentes hayan entregado agua sustancial a la superficie marciana.
- Este hallazgo reconcilia las restricciones conflictivas anteriores sobre la desgasificación marciana.
- La actividad volcánica reciente puede haber jugado un papel importante en la historia del agua de Marte.
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