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Exportación por glóbulos rojos de la bioactividad del óxido nítrico

J R Pawloski¹, D T Hess, J S Stamler

¹Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.

|February 24, 2001

Resumen

Los glóbulos rojos exportan la actividad vasodilatadora derivada del óxido nítrico (NO) a través de la formación de S-nitrosotiol (SNO) con la proteína AE1 en la membrana celular, optimizando el suministro de oxígeno.

Área de la Ciencia:

Fisiología Fisiología Fisiología.
La bioquímica es la bioquímica.
Biología celular Biología celular.

Sus antecedentes:

Los glóbulos rojos (glóbulos rojos) juegan un papel crucial en el suministro de oxígeno y la vasodilatación.
Los modelos existentes sugieren que los glóbulos rojos liberan oxígeno y vasoactividad derivada del óxido nítrico (NO).
Se necesita un mecanismo para exportar la vasoactividad relacionada con el NO de los glóbulos rojos para explicar la vasodilatación.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar el mecanismo de la exportación de la vasoactividad derivada del NO de los glóbulos rojos humanos.
Para identificar los componentes moleculares involucrados en la regulación de la liberación de bioactividad de NO.
Revisar los modelos actuales de comunicación intercelular mediada por NO.

Principales métodos:

Investigó la formación de S-nitrosotiol (SNO) en los eritrocitos humanos.
Proteínas asociadas a SNO localizadas mediante ensayos bioquímicos.
Se examinó el papel del intercambiador de aniones AE1 en la transferencia de NO y la estructura de los glóbulos rojos.
Estudió el efecto de la desoxigenación en la liberación de la actividad vasodilatadora.

Principales resultados:

El SNO derivado de la hemoglobina está asociado principalmente con la membrana de los glóbulos rojos, vinculado a AE1.
AE1 facilita la transferencia de NO de la SNO-hemoglobina a la membrana.
La desoxigenación desencadena la liberación de la actividad vasodilatadora de la membrana de los glóbulos rojos.
Se identificó un mecanismo regulado por el oxígeno que involucra AE1-SNO en la interfaz membrana-citosol.

Conclusiones:

Los glóbulos rojos humanos poseen un mecanismo para exportar la actividad vasodilatadora derivada del NO.
El intercambiador de aniones AE1 es crítico en la unión y liberación de la bioactividad del NO.
Este proceso, que implica la formación de AE1-SNO, está regulado por los niveles de oxígeno y optimiza el suministro de oxígeno periférico.

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