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Evidencia de actividad volcánica reciente en la cresta de Gakkel de extensión muy lenta
M H Edwards1, G J Kurras, M Tolstoy
1Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 96822, USA. margo@soest.hawaii.edu
Nature
|March 10, 2001
Resumen
Se descubrió actividad volcánica en la cresta Gakkel de propagación ultra lenta, lo que desafía las suposiciones anteriores sobre el vulcanismo de la cresta oceánica media. Este hallazgo sugiere que erupciones voluminosas y enfocadas ocurren incluso a las tasas de propagación más lentas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Geología Geología Geología.
- La geofísica es la geofísica.
- Oceanografía La oceanografía es la oceanografía.
Sus antecedentes:
- El fondo marino que se extiende en las cordilleras del océano medio está impulsado por procesos volcánicos y tectónicos.
- La influencia del vulcanismo disminuye con la disminución de las tasas de propagación, con una actividad desconocida a tasas ultrabajas (<1,5 cm / año).
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la extensión del vulcanismo en la escarpa Gakkel de expansión muy lenta.
- Para determinar si se produce una actividad volcánica significativa a tasas inferiores a 1,5 cm por año (-1).
Principales métodos:
- Adquirió mapas tridimensionales de sonar de la cresta Gakkel usando sonares montados en el casco de un submarino de propulsión nuclear.
- Se analizaron los datos del sonar de exploración lateral del este de Gakkel Ridge.
Principales resultados:
- Mapeado dos volcanes jóvenes que cubren aproximadamente 720 km2 en el valle axial del este de Gakkel Ridge.
- Identificó un volcán occidental que coincide con los epicentros de eventos telesísmicos, lo que sugiere una erupción axial reciente.
- Se observaron erupciones focalizadas, voluminosas y potencialmente frecuentes en esta cresta de extensión ultra lenta.
Conclusiones:
- El vulcanismo significativo ocurre en las crestas oceánicas de extensión ultra lenta.
- Las erupciones en la cresta de Gakkel son localizadas y más sustanciales de lo que se suponía anteriormente.
- Este estudio remodela nuestra comprensión de los procesos volcánicos a tasas extremas de propagación del fondo marino.
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