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A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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A stationary charge creates and interacts with the electric field, while a moving charge creates a magnetic field.
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Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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In linear magnetic materials, like paramagnets and diamagnets, magnetization is proportional to the magnetic field intensity. The constant of proportionality, a dimensionless number, is called magnetic susceptibility. The value of the susceptibility depends on the type of material.
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Dinámica de vórtice en el MgB2 superconductor y perspectivas de aplicaciones.

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  • 1Centre for High Temperature Superconductivity, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London, UK. y.bugoslav@ic.ac.uk

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|March 30, 2001
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Resumen

El diboruro de magnesio (MgB2) exhibe propiedades favorables de límite de grano para los superconductores. Sin embargo, su densidad de corriente crítica disminuye drásticamente con el aumento del campo magnético debido a la baja energía de fijación del vórtice.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
  • Física de la materia condensada Física de la materia condensada
  • La superconductividad es la superconductividad.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los superconductores son cruciales para las aplicaciones, pero su rendimiento está limitado por el movimiento de vórtice.
  • El comportamiento de vórtice en los superconductores de alta temperatura complica las aplicaciones.
  • El diboruro de magnesio (MgB2) es un superconductor con una temperatura de transición (Tc) cercana a 40 K.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para investigar el comportamiento de los vórtices en MgB2.
  • Para entender cómo las dinámicas de vórtice afectan a la densidad de corriente crítica (Jc) y la velocidad de fluencia del vórtice (S) en MgB2.
  • Para comparar las propiedades de vórtice de MgB2 con las de otros superconductores.

Principales métodos:

  • Caracterización de Jc y S en muestras de MgB2.
  • Análisis del comportamiento de los vórtices bajo diferentes campos magnéticos.
  • Evaluación de las propiedades del límite de grano relacionadas con el flujo de supercorriente.

Principales resultados:

  • MgB2 muestra límites de grano altamente transparentes para las supercorrientes, a diferencia de los superconductores de alta temperatura.
  • Se observó una disminución significativa en Jc a medida que aumentaba el campo magnético.
  • La fuerte disminución de Jc sugiere una baja energía de fijación de vórtice, probablemente debido a la alta perfección cristalina.

Conclusiones:

  • El MgB2 posee ventajosas características de límite de grano para aplicaciones superconductoras.
  • La dependencia observada del campo magnético de Jc presenta un desafío para el uso práctico de MgB2.
  • Se necesita más investigación para optimizar la fijación de vórtice en MgB2 para mejorar el rendimiento.