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Zapatos de mujer y osteoartritis de rodilla
Lancet (London, England)
|April 12, 2001
Resumen
El uso de zapatos de tacón ancho aumenta significativamente el par de la rodilla, similar a los zapatos de tacón estrecho. Esto sugiere la posibilidad de fuerzas articulares anormales y cambios degenerativos en la rodilla.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La biomecánica es la biomecánica.
- La ortopedia es la ortopedia.
- Kinesiología Kinesiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Investigó el impacto biomecánico del calzado en las torsiones de la articulación de la rodilla.
- Comparó los efectos de los zapatos de tacón ancho frente a los zapatos de tacón estrecho y caminar descalzo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para comparar los efectos de los zapatos de tacón ancho frente a los zapatos de tacón estrecho en las torsiones de las articulaciones de la rodilla durante la caminata.
- Para cuantificar los cambios en el pico del flexionador externo de la rodilla y los pares varus de la rodilla asociados con diferentes anchuras de talón.
Principales métodos:
- Veinte mujeres sanas participaron en el estudio.
- Las torsiones articulares se midieron al caminar bajo tres condiciones: descalzo, con zapatos de tacón ancho y con zapatos de tacón estrecho.
- Se recopilaron datos cinemáticos y cinéticos para calcular los torques conjuntos.
Principales resultados:
- Los zapatos de tacón ancho aumentaron el par máximo del flector externo de la rodilla en un 30% en comparación con caminar descalzo.
- Tanto los zapatos de tacón ancho (26%) como los de tacón estrecho (22%) aumentaron significativamente el par máximo de la rodilla varus en comparación con caminar descalzo.
- Los efectos sobre el par de torsión de la rodilla fueron comparables entre zapatos de tacón ancho y estrecho.
Conclusiones:
- Los zapatos de tacón ancho imponen fuerzas anormales en la rodilla, particularmente en los compartimentos patelofemoral y medial.
- Estas fuerzas alteradas pueden contribuir al desarrollo de enfermedades articulares degenerativas en la rodilla.
- El diseño del calzado, incluida la anchura del talón, juega un papel crítico en la salud de las articulaciones de la rodilla.
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