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La especiación química impulsa la ecología de los respiraderos hidrotermales
G W Luther1, T F Rozan, M Taillefert
1College of Marine Studies, University of Delaware, Lewes, Delaware 19958, USA. luther@udel.edu
Nature
|April 12, 2001
Resumen
Organismos de ventilación de aguas profundas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología marina Biología marina.
- La geoquímica es la geoquímica.
- Biogeoquímica La biogeoquímica es la bioquímica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Se entiende la fisiología de los respiraderos hidrotermales de aguas profundas, pero los factores ambientales que controlan la distribución de los organismos siguen sin estar claros.
- Se supone que la especiación química de los elementos influye en la estructura de la comunidad biológica en entornos extremos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar los factores físico-químicos que controlan la distribución del organismo de ventilación hidrotermal de aguas profundas.
- Para medir la especiación química in situ en los respiraderos de la subida del Pacífico Este.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó tecnología electroquímica para mediciones in situ de la especiación química.
- Especiación de oxígeno, hierro y azufre correlacionada con la distribución de taxones específicos en los microhabitats.
Principales resultados:
- Se observaron diferencias significativas en la especiación de oxígeno, hierro y azufre.
- La especiación está fuertemente correlacionada con la distribución de taxones específicos en diferentes microhabitats.
- Los grupos solubles de sulfuro de hierro en microhabitats de alta temperatura (>30°C) reducen la disponibilidad de sulfuro de hidrógeno libre.
Conclusiones:
- La especiación química, particularmente las interacciones hierro-azufre, es un factor clave que controla la distribución de los organismos de los respiraderos de aguas profundas.
- Las condiciones químicas específicas del microhabitat dictan la disponibilidad del hábitat para los organismos de ventilación.
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