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El consumo moderado de alcohol y el riesgo de insuficiencia cardíaca entre las personas mayores
J L Abramson1, S A Williams, H M Krumholz
1Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, 1256 Briarcliff Rd NE, Suite 1 North, Atlanta, GA 30306, USA. jerome@ecor.cardio.emory.edu
JAMA
|April 20, 2001
Resumen
El consumo moderado de alcohol está relacionado con un menor riesgo de insuficiencia cardíaca en adultos mayores. Este hallazgo es válido incluso después de tener en cuenta otros factores de salud y el riesgo de infarto de miocardio (IM).
Área de la Ciencia:
- Cardiología Cardiología.
- Geriatría La geriatría es la especialidad de la geriatría.
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
Sus antecedentes:
- El consumo excesivo de alcohol es un factor de riesgo conocido para la insuficiencia cardíaca.
- El impacto de la ingesta moderada de alcohol en el riesgo de insuficiencia cardíaca sigue sin estar claro.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la asociación entre el consumo moderado de alcohol y el riesgo de insuficiencia cardíaca en personas mayores.
- Determinar si esta asociación es independiente del riesgo de infarto de miocardio (IM).
Principales métodos:
- Estudio de cohorte prospectivo de 2235 participantes ancianos seguidos durante hasta 14 años.
- El consumo de alcohol se evaluó en función de la ingesta en el mes anterior al inicio.
- Los eventos de insuficiencia cardíaca (fatales o no fatales) fueron seguidos como resultado primario.
Principales resultados:
- El aumento del consumo moderado de alcohol (1-70 oz / mes) se asoció con la disminución de las tasas de insuficiencia cardíaca.
- Los riesgos relativos ajustados para la insuficiencia cardíaca fueron de 1,00, 0,79 y 0,53 para los no bebedores, 1-20 onzas y 21-70 onzas para los consumidores, respectivamente.
- La tendencia a disminuir el riesgo de insuficiencia cardíaca al aumentar la ingesta moderada de alcohol fue estadísticamente significativa (P=.02).
Conclusiones:
- El consumo moderado de alcohol se asocia con un riesgo reducido de insuficiencia cardíaca en adultos mayores.
- Esta asociación es independiente de varios factores de confusión.
- El efecto protector contra la insuficiencia cardíaca no parece deberse únicamente a una reducción del riesgo de infarto de miocardio.
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