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Interpretaciones de médicos y definiciones de libros de texto de la terminología de cegamiento en ensayos controlados
P J Devereaux1, B J Manns, W A Ghali
1Department of Medicine, McMaster University, 1200 Main St W, Room 2C12, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8N 3Z5. philipj@mcmaster.ca
JAMA
|April 20, 2001
Resumen
Las interpretaciones de los médicos y las definiciones de libros de texto de ciego simple, doble y triple en ensayos controlados aleatorios (ECA) muestran una variación significativa. Se recomiendan declaraciones más claras sobre el estado de cegamiento para mejorar la claridad en la investigación.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Metodología de la investigación clínica Metodología de la investigación clínica.
- La medicina basada en la evidencia.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los médicos suelen evaluar los ensayos controlados aleatorios (ECA) mediante la evaluación del estado de ceguera.
- La terminología actual para el cegamiento (único, doble, triple) está sujeta a diversas interpretaciones.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para determinar cómo los médicos interpretan los términos cegadores en los ECA.
- Para analizar las definiciones de libros de texto de ciego simple, doble y triple.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó un estudio observacional en tres centros de atención terciaria universitarios canadienses.
- Noventa y un médicos de medicina interna completaron una encuesta sobre su comprensión de la ceguera.
- Las definiciones de cegamiento se extrajeron de 25 libros de texto publicados desde 1990.
Principales resultados:
- Los médicos ofrecieron 10, 17 y 15 interpretaciones distintas para la ceguera simple, doble y triple, respectivamente.
- Los libros de texto proporcionaron 5, 9 y 7 definiciones diferentes para cada nivel de ceguera.
- Se observó una alta variabilidad tanto en las interpretaciones de los médicos como en las definiciones de los libros de texto, particularmente para el doble y triple cegamiento.
Conclusiones:
- Existen discrepancias significativas en la interpretación y definición de la terminología de cegamiento entre los médicos y en los libros de texto médicos.
- Los términos ambiguos como "enfoque único", "doble" y "triple" deben ser reemplazados por declaraciones explícitas que detallen el estado de enfoque de todas las partes involucradas en los ECA.
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