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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions.
Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
Ionic Association01:28

Ionic Association

The ionic association is the association of oppositely charged ions in an electrolyte solution to form ion pairs. Bjerrum defined ion pairs as two oppositely charged ions whose electrostatic attraction exceeds the thermal energy of the system, typically expressed as 2kT. Electrostatic attraction depends on ionic charge, separation distance, and the dielectric constant of the medium. Thermal energy, represented by kT, reflects the tendency of ions to move independently due to molecular motion.
Theory of Strong Electrolytes01:23

Theory of Strong Electrolytes

The interionic forces of the strong electrolytes depend on the solvent's dielectric constant, which is the ability of a solvent to store electrical energy, based on its polarizability. and the solution's concentration. In high-dielectric solvents and in dilute solutions, weak electrostatic forces keep ions apart. However, in low-dielectric solvents or concentrated solutions, stronger interionic forces may cause ions to pair up as ionic doublets despite being fully ionized. The theory of strong...

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Response to "Comment on 'Molecular origin of aging of pure Se glass: Growth of inter-chain structural correlations, network compaction, and partial ordering'" [J. Chem. Phys. 148, 157101 (2018)].

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Molecular origin of aging of pure Se glass: Growth of inter-chain structural correlations, network compaction, and partial ordering.

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Structural singularities in Ge(x)Te(100-x) films.

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Topology and glass structure evolution in (BaO)x((B₂O₃)₃₂(SiO₂)₆₈)(100-x) ternary--evidence of rigid, intermediate, and flexible phases.

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Crucial effect of melt homogenization on the fragility of non-stoichiometric chalcogenides.

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Video Experimental Relacionado

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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
05:33

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications

Published on: August 12, 2013

Iones móviles de plata y formación de vidrio en electrolitos sólidos.

P Boolchand1, W J Bresser

  • 1Deaprtment of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science, University of Cincinnati, OH 45221-0030, USA. punit.boolchand@uc.edu

Nature
|April 27, 2001
PubMed
Resumen

Los investigadores exploraron vidrios compuestos con electrolitos sólidos como el yoduro de plata (AgI) y el selenuro de plata (Ag2Se). Identificaron dos estructuras moleculares distintas, revelando conocimientos sobre el transporte de iones para aplicaciones avanzadas de baterías y sensores.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
  • Química del estado sólido Química del estado sólido
  • Física de la materia condensada Física de la materia condensada

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los electrolitos sólidos, como el yoduro de plata (AgI) y el selenuro de plata (Ag2Se), son componentes cruciales en los materiales avanzados.
  • Estos electrolitos se incorporan en vidrios de red (calcogenuros, óxidos) para mejorar la conductividad eléctrica para aplicaciones en baterías, sensores y pantallas.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para investigar las estructuras moleculares de vidrios compuestos que contienen AgI y Ag2Se.
  • Comprender la relación entre la estructura molecular, las temperaturas de transición de vidrio y los mecanismos de transporte de iones.
  • Para diferenciar entre vidrios compuestos aleados homogéneamente y vidrios compuestos separados por fases.

Principales métodos:

  • Análisis de estructuras de vidrio compuesto utilizando mediciones de la temperatura de transición de vidrio.
  • Caracterización de la separación de fases y la formación de una red homogénea.
  • Análisis cuantitativo de las temperaturas de transición de vidrio bimodal basado en la conectividad de red.

Principales resultados:

  • Los vidrios compuestos exhiben una separación de fase intrínseca (temperaturas de transición de vidrio bimodal) o una red microscópicamente homogénea (temperatura de transición de vidrio único).
  • Temperaturas de transición de vidrio identificadas para las fases AgI y Ag2Se como 75°C y 230°C, respectivamente.
  • Demostró que las temperaturas de transición de vidrio bimodal pueden explicarse por la conectividad de red y el movimiento de iones rápidos de los cationes Ag+.

Conclusiones:

  • El estudio proporciona un método para distinguir entre vidrios compuestos con separación de fases y vidrios compuestos aleados homogéneamente.
  • Comprender estas estructuras es clave para optimizar el transporte de iones en conductores superiónicos.
  • Los hallazgos ofrecen ideas para el diseño de electrolitos sólidos de alto rendimiento para almacenamiento de energía y dispositivos de detección.