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Cancer

Cancer

Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...

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DNA Vector-based RNA Interference to Study Gene Function in Cancer

DNA Vector-based RNA Interference to Study Gene Function in Cancer

Published on: June 4, 2012

Genética del cáncer Genética del cáncer

¹CRC Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2XZ, UK. bajp@mole.bio.cam.ac.uk

|May 18, 2001

Resumen

Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La investigación del cáncer se está expandiendo más allá de la célula cancerosa para incluir la epigenética y las interacciones celulares. Comprender la variación genética y los factores externos puede mejorar las estrategias de prevención del cáncer para las poblaciones en riesgo.

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Área de la Ciencia:

Oncología Oncología.
Genética La genética.
La epigenética es la epigenética.

Sus antecedentes:

La investigación tradicional en genética del cáncer se centró en las mutaciones dentro de las células cancerosas.
La evidencia emergente destaca la importancia de las alteraciones epigenéticas y las interacciones celulares en el desarrollo del cáncer.
El papel de la variación genética común en la susceptibilidad al cáncer a nivel de la población está ganando reconocimiento.

Objetivo del estudio:

Ampliar el alcance de la investigación del cáncer más allá de los eventos mutacionales intracelulares.
Integrar el impacto de la epigenética, las interacciones celulares y la variación genética común en la etiología del cáncer.
Aprovechar los datos del Proyecto Genoma Humano para comprender la susceptibilidad de la población.

Principales métodos:

Revisión de la investigación actual sobre los eventos epigenéticos y las interacciones celulares en el cáncer.
Analizar datos sobre la variación genética común y su relación con la susceptibilidad al cáncer.
Utilizando los recursos del Proyecto Genoma Humano.

Principales resultados:

Determinantes identificados del cáncer que se originan fuera de la célula cancerosa.
Destacó la importancia de las modificaciones epigenéticas y la comunicación intercelular.
Reconoció la influencia de las variaciones genéticas comunes en el riesgo de cáncer.

Conclusiones:

Las futuras investigaciones sobre el cáncer deben considerar factores más allá de la célula cancerosa.
Se pueden identificar nuevos objetivos para la intervención terapéutica mediante el estudio de determinantes externos.
Se pueden desarrollar estrategias de prevención personalizadas para grupos de alto riesgo basadas en factores genéticos y ambientales.