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Prevalencia del tabaquismo y actitudes hacia el tabaco entre los médicos japoneses
T Ohida1, H Sakurai, Y Mochizuki
1Department of Public Health Administration, National Institute of Public Health, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8638, Japan. tohida@iph.go.jp
JAMA
|May 23, 2001
Resumen
Una encuesta de 2000 encontró que el 27.1% de los hombres y el 6.8% de las mujeres médicos japoneses fumaban, significativamente menos que la población general. Los programas para dejar de fumar se recomiendan para los médicos japoneses.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Investigación médica Investigación médica.
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La Organización Mundial de la Salud recomienda a los médicos que se abstengan de fumar y aboga por encuestas entre los profesionales médicos.
- Anteriormente no se habían informado encuestas representativas a nivel nacional sobre el tabaquismo de los médicos en Japón.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para estimar la prevalencia nacional de tabaquismo entre los médicos japoneses.
- Para determinar las actitudes de los médicos japoneses hacia el tabaquismo.
Principales métodos:
- Un estudio descriptivo utilizando cuestionarios anónimos.
- 4500 médicos fueron seleccionados al azar de la Asociación Médica de Japón en el año 2000.
- 3771 (84%) encuestados fueron analizados para la prevalencia de tabaquismo, la historia y las actitudes.
Principales resultados:
- La prevalencia del tabaquismo entre los médicos fue del 27,1% para los hombres y del 6,8% para las mujeres, inferior a la de la población japonesa en general.
- La prevalencia en médicos japoneses masculinos excedió a la de los EE.UU. y el Reino Unido.
- Las tasas de tabaquismo variaron según la edad, con la mayor prevalencia entre los hombres mayores fumadores pasados y los hombres de mediana edad fumadores actuales.
Conclusiones:
- Se necesitan programas para dejar de fumar para los médicos japoneses.
- La educación continua debe motivar a los médicos con respecto a su papel social en la prevención del tabaquismo.
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