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Esperanza de vida saludable en 191 países, 1999
C D Mathers1, R Sadana, J A Salomon
1Global Programme on Evidence for Health Policy, World Health Organization, Geneva, 1211 27, Geneva, Switzerland. mathersc@who.ch
Lancet (London, England)
|June 27, 2001
Resumen
Las estimaciones de la esperanza de vida saludable (DALE) revelan Japón.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Métricas de salud global.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
- Demografía La demografía es la demografía.
Sus antecedentes:
- Estimar la esperanza de vida saludable es crucial para comprender la salud de la población.
- Las estimaciones globales anteriores fueron limitadas en alcance y metodología.
- La esperanza de vida ajustada por discapacidad (DALE) proporciona una medida integral de la salud.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para presentar las primeras estimaciones globales de DALE para 191 países en 1999.
- Analizar la distribución de la esperanza de vida saludable en diferentes regiones y grupos demográficos.
- Identificar los factores que influyen en las variaciones en DALE.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron datos de incidencia, prevalencia y discapacidad para 109 causas de enfermedades/lesiones.
- Analizó 60 encuestas globales de salud.
- Aplicó el método de Sullivan para calcular el DALE para los países miembros de la OMS por sexo y edad.
Principales resultados:
- Japón registró el DALE más alto al nacer (74,5 años).
- Las naciones de África subsahariana se enfrentaron al DALE más bajo (<35 años) debido al VIH / SIDA.
- La discapacidad representó el 18% de la esperanza de vida en los países de bajo DALE, frente al 8% en los países de alto DALE.
Conclusiones:
- Las estimaciones globales de DALE destacan importantes disparidades en salud.
- Los aumentos en el gasto de salud se correlacionan con mayores ganancias en DALE que en la esperanza de vida total.
- Mientras que las mujeres viven más tiempo, experimentan más años con discapacidad.
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