Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: May 7, 2026
11:40
Humanized Mouse Model to Study Bacterial Infections Targeting the Microvasculature
Published on: April 1, 2014
Factores de riesgo para la enfermedad meningocócica en estudiantes universitarios
M G Bruce1, N E Rosenstein, J M Capparella
1Meningitis and Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Mailstop C-09, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
JAMA
|August 10, 2001
Resumen
Los estudiantes universitarios, especialmente los estudiantes de primer año en dormitorios, se enfrentan a mayores riesgos de enfermedad meningocócica. La vacunación puede reducir significativamente este riesgo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
- Enfermedades infecciosas Enfermedades infecciosas.
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las tasas de enfermedad meningocócica fueron notablemente altas en personas de 18 a 22 años a mediados de la década de 1990.
- La recopilación nacional de datos para estudiantes universitarios de EE.UU. comenzó en 1998.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para determinar las tasas de enfermedad meningocócica en estudiantes universitarios estadounidenses.
- Para identificar los factores de riesgo para la enfermedad meningocócica en este grupo demográfico.
Principales métodos:
- Se llevó a cabo un estudio prospectivo de vigilancia y un estudio de casos y controles anidados.
- Se recopilaron datos de estudiantes universitarios estadounidenses entre septiembre de 1998 y agosto de 1999.
- Participaron 50 departamentos de salud estatales y 231 centros de salud universitarios.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificaron noventa y seis casos de enfermedad meningocócica entre estudiantes universitarios estadounidenses.
- Los estudiantes universitarios tenían una tasa de incidencia más baja (0,7/100,000) que la población general de 18 a 23 años de edad no estudiantil (1,4/100,000).
- Los estudiantes de primer año que residen en dormitorios exhibieron la tasa de incidencia más alta (5.1/100.000) y un riesgo elevado (OR, 3.6).
- La mayoría de los casos (68%) fueron causados por serogrupos prevenibles con la vacuna.
Conclusiones:
- Los estudiantes de primer año que viven en dormitorios tienen un riesgo independiente y elevado de enfermedad meningocócica.
- La vacuna cuadrivalente de polisacáridos podría disminuir sustancialmente el riesgo de enfermedad meningocócica en estudiantes universitarios.
Más Videos Relacionados
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
01:26Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin create...
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin create...
01:25Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA
Antibiotic resistance in bacteria arises when microorganisms evolve the ability to withstand drugs designed to kill them or inhibit their growth, rendering once-effective treatments useless. This phenomenon, driven by genetic change and selection under antibiotic exposure, poses a profound threat to modern medicine. Mechanisms include drug-inactivating enzymes (e.g., β-lactamases), efflux pumps that eject antibiotics, mutations altering antibiotic targets, decreased drug uptake, and acquisition...
01:18Viral Meningitis
Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
01:25Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...
01:22Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction
Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
01:26Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology
Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...