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A Method for Quantifying Foliage-Dwelling Arthropods
Published on: October 20, 2019
La diversidad de insectos en el registro fósil.
1Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC 20560.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 16, 1993
Resumen
La diversidad de insectos ha sido alta durante la mayor parte de la historia evolutiva, superando a los vertebrados. Su éxito se debe a bajas tasas de extinción, no al origen rápido de las especies, con rasgos clave establecidos mucho antes de las plantas con flores.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Paleontología Paleontología.
- Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
- Entomología Entomología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los insectos tienen un extenso registro fósil, sin embargo, su éxito evolutivo a menudo se subestima.
- Comprender la diversificación de los insectos requiere analizar sus rangos geocronológicos y compararlos con otros taxones.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para evaluar la historia evolutiva y la diversidad de las familias de insectos.
- Determinar los factores que contribuyen a la diversificación y la radiación de los insectos.
- Investigar el momento de la evolución de los insectos en relación con los principales cambios ambientales, como el surgimiento de las angiospermas.
Principales métodos:
- Compilación y análisis de rangos geocronológicos para familias de insectos.
- Análisis comparativo de la diversidad de insectos con tetrápodos vertebrados e invertebrados marinos.
- Examen del origen de los insectos y las tasas de extinción a lo largo de su historia evolutiva.
Principales resultados:
- La diversidad de insectos ha superado la de los tetrápodos vertebrados conservados durante el 91% de su historia evolutiva.
- La diversificación de los insectos se atribuye principalmente a tasas de extinción excepcionalmente bajas, similares a las de los invertebrados marinos que evolucionan lentamente.
- La mayor radiación de los insectos modernos comenzó hace 245 millones de años, independientemente de la expansión de la angiosperma.
- Los mecanismos tróficos esenciales de los insectos se establecieron aproximadamente 100 millones de años antes de la aparición de las angiospermas.
Conclusiones:
- El éxito evolutivo de los insectos se caracteriza por una notable estabilidad y longevidad, impulsada por bajas tasas de extinción.
- La diversificación de los insectos es anterior y no depende de la evolución y propagación de las angiospermas.
- Los insectos representan un linaje muy exitoso y antiguo cuya trayectoria evolutiva es distinta de muchos otros grupos principales.
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