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Aguas termales submarinas y el origen de la vida
1Department of Chemistry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla 92093, USA.
Nature
|August 18, 1988
Resumen
La vida puede no haberse originado en fuentes hidrotermales de aguas profundas. Las altas temperaturas de ventilación y el enfriamiento rápido probablemente destruirían o evitarían la síntesis de moléculas orgánicas esenciales necesarias para el comienzo de la vida.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La geoquímica marina es la geoquímica marina.
- Astrobiología Astrobiología.
- Los estudios sobre el origen de la vida.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las fuentes hidrotermales son importantes en el equilibrio de los elementos oceánicos.
- La circulación hidrotermal probablemente existió en la Tierra primitiva.
- La hipótesis de que la vida se originó en respiraderos es popular pero debatida.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para examinar la hipótesis de que la vida surgió en las fuentes hidrotermales de la Tierra temprana.
- Para abordar los malentendidos con respecto a la química orgánica en entornos de ventilación.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de las condiciones químicas dentro de los respiraderos hidrotermales.
- Evaluación de la viabilidad de la síntesis orgánica y la polimerización a temperaturas de ventilación y durante el enfriamiento.
Principales resultados:
- Las altas temperaturas en los respiraderos hidrotermales descomponen los compuestos orgánicos, no los sintetizan.
- El rápido apagado de las aguas de ventilación a temperaturas oceánicas más frías impediría la polimerización y la formación de organismos.
Conclusiones:
- La hipótesis de los respiraderos hidrotermales para el origen de la vida es desafiada por las restricciones químicas.
- Es poco probable que las condiciones dentro de los respiraderos hidrotermales de la Tierra primitiva apoyen la síntesis y la complejidad de las moléculas orgánicas necesarias para la abiogénesis.
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