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Origen de las tasas de rotación de asteroides en impactos catastróficos
1Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125, USA. sglove@gps.caltech.edu
Nature
|March 13, 1997
Resumen
La rotación de los asteroides se rige por las colisiones, con la gravedad dominando la fuerza del material para los asteroides más grandes. Los impactos catastróficos alteran significativamente las velocidades de giro, alineándose con los patrones de rotación de asteroides observados.
Área de la Ciencia:
- * Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias
- * Astrofísica es la astrofísica.
- * Dinámica de impacto del impacto.
Sus antecedentes:
- * Las velocidades de rotación de los asteroides están determinadas por su historial de colisiones.
- * Estudios anteriores se centraron en experimentos de impacto a pequeña escala donde la resistencia del material es clave.
- * Investigaciones recientes sugieren que la gravedad influye en los asteroides más grandes (>1 km) durante las colisiones.
Objetivo del estudio:
- * Para investigar el impacto de las colisiones en grandes asteroides de auto-gravitación.
- * Para modelar cómo se retiene el momento angular durante los impactos con cuerpos masivos.
- * Comprender los factores que controlan la evolución de la rotación de los asteroides.
Principales métodos:
- * Modelado numérico de impactos en cuerpos gravitatorios de asteroides.
- * Simulación de colisiones catastróficas expulsando aproximadamente el 50% de la masa objetivo.
- * Análisis del momento angular retenido y las velocidades de giro resultantes.
Principales resultados:
- * Los resultados de impacto en asteroides grandes arrojan una retención de momento angular más baja y más variable que los experimentos de laboratorio.
- * Las colisiones catastróficas son dominantes en la evolución del espín.
- * Un asteroide de silicato no giratorio después de un impacto catastrófico gira en ~ 2,9 días, cerca de la media observada de 2,5 días.
Conclusiones:
- * Los efectos gravitacionales, no la fuerza del material, dictan las respuestas de impacto para los grandes asteroides.
- * La distribución de la velocidad de giro observada a través de los tipos de asteroides (C, S, M) se correlaciona con el aumento de la densidad media.
- * Este modelo explica las tasas de rotación de asteroides observadas y su distribución.
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