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Oscilaciones en la química del agua de mar del Fanerozoico: evidencia de las inclusiones de fluidos
T K Lowenstein1, M N Timofeeff, S T Brennan
1Department of Geological Sciences and Environmental Studies, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA. lowenst@binghamton.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 3, 2001
Resumen
La química del agua de mar ha cambiado a lo largo de la historia de la Tierra, como lo demuestran las inclusiones de fluidos en los halitos marinos. Estos cambios se correlacionan con eventos geológicos y cambios en los minerales marinos dominantes.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La geoquímica es la geoquímica.
- La paleoceanografía es la paleoceanografía.
- Geología sedimentaria Geología sedimentaria.
Sus antecedentes:
- La composición del agua de mar es crucial para comprender el clima de la Tierra y los procesos geológicos.
- Las inclusiones de fluidos primarios en las halitas ofrecen un archivo único de la química antigua del agua de mar.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para reconstruir las fluctuaciones químicas del agua de mar del Fanerozoico.
- Para investigar la relación entre la química del agua de mar y los principales eventos geológicos.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los cambios químicos sistemáticos en el agua de mar evaporada dentro de las inclusiones de fluidos primarios en halitos marinos.
- Correlación de los datos geoquímicos con los registros geológicos (propagación del fondo marino, vulcanismo, nivel del mar, mineralogía).
Principales resultados:
- La química del agua de mar, particularmente las relaciones Mg2+/Ca2+ y las concentraciones de Na+, han fluctuado sistemáticamente durante el Fanerozoico.
- Las altas proporciones de Mg2+/Ca2+ y Na+ caracterizaron el Precámbrico Tardío, el Pérmico y los períodos Terciario-Presente, coincidiendo con la precipitación de aragonita y MgSO4.
- Las bajas proporciones de Mg2+/Ca2+ y Na+ caracterizaron los períodos Cámbrico, Siluriano y Cretácico, coincidiendo con la formación de calcita y evaporita de potasa específica.
Conclusiones:
- La química del agua de mar no es constante y exhibe oscilaciones significativas en escalas de tiempo geológicas.
- Estas fluctuaciones son sincrónicas con los principales ciclos geológicos, incluyendo la actividad tectónica y los cambios en el nivel del mar.
- La relación Mg2+/Ca2+ y la concentración de Na+ del agua de mar son factores clave que controlan la mineralogía de las evaporitas y carbonatos marinos.
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