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Flujo de nitratos en el río Mississippi

G F McIsaac¹, M B David, G Z Gertner

¹Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois, Turner Hall, 1102 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA. gmcisaac@uiuc.edu

|November 9, 2001

Resumen

Reducir el uso de fertilizantes nitrogenados en la cuenca del río Mississippi puede disminuir significativamente el suministro de nitratos al Golfo de México. Esto ayuda a mitigar la eutrofización y la hipoxia, mejorando la salud de los océanos costeros.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias del medio ambiente Ciencias del medio ambiente.
Oceanografía La oceanografía es la oceanografía.
Estudios de la eutrofización Estudios de la eutrofización

Sus antecedentes:

El aumento de los niveles de nitrógeno en los estuarios y océanos costeros contribuye a la eutrofización e hipoxia.
El norte del Golfo de México es un área clave afectada por estos insumos de nutrientes.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para modelar la entrega de nitrato al Golfo de México a través del río Mississippi.
Para evaluar el impacto de la reducción de fertilizantes nitrogenados en el flujo de nitratos.

Principales métodos:

Desarrolló un modelo predictivo para el suministro anual de nitrato.
Se analizaron datos históricos de 1960-1998 para la cuenca del río Mississippi.
Se realizó un análisis retrospectivo sobre el uso de fertilizantes y el flujo de nitratos.

Principales resultados:

El modelo explica el 95% de la variación anual en el suministro de nitratos.
Una reducción del 12% en el uso de fertilizantes nitrogenados podría disminuir el flujo de nitratos en un 33%.

Conclusiones:

La gestión de fertilizantes de nitrógeno es un factor crítico en el control de la eutrofización costera.
Las reducciones específicas en el uso de fertilizantes pueden mitigar efectivamente la contaminación de nutrientes en el Golfo de México.

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