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Los inhibidores de la vasopeptidasa

¹Office of Scientific Affairs, SUNY Downstate Medical College, State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Box 97, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA. mweber@downstate.edu

Lancet (London, England)

|November 14, 2001

Resumen

Los nuevos inhibidores de la vasopeptidasa ofrecen doble acción, reduciendo la presión arterial y mejorando la salud cardiovascular en modelos de hipertensión y insuficiencia cardíaca. Los ensayos clínicos muestran efectividad en diversas poblaciones, superando potencialmente los tratamientos actuales.

Área de la Ciencia:

Farmacología Cardiovascular Farmacología Cardiovascular
Descubrimiento de Drogas Descubrimiento de Drogas
Investigación de la Hipertensión Investigación de la Hipertensión

Sus antecedentes:

Los inhibidores de la vasopeptidasa representan una nueva clase de fármacos cardiovasculares.
Inhiben simultáneamente la endopeptidasa neutra y la enzima de conversión de la angiotensina (ECA).
Esta doble inhibición modula los péptidos vasodilatadores y la producción de angiotensina II.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para evaluar la eficacia y seguridad de los inhibidores de la vasopeptidasa.
Para evaluar su potencial en el tratamiento de la hipertensión, la insuficiencia cardíaca y la enfermedad isquémica del corazón.
Para comparar su eficacia frente a los agentes antihipertensivos existentes.

Principales métodos:

Revisión de modelos animales preclínicos para la hipertensión, la insuficiencia cardíaca y la enfermedad isquémica del corazón.
Análisis de estudios clínicos en la hipertensión humana y la insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva.
Examen de los perfiles de seguridad y la frecuencia de los efectos secundarios, incluido el angioedema y la tos.

Principales resultados:

En modelos animales, los inhibidores de la vasopeptidasa redujeron la presión arterial en varios tipos de hipertensión y mostraron beneficios en la insuficiencia cardíaca y la enfermedad isquémica del corazón.
Los estudios en humanos demostraron una reducción efectiva de la presión arterial independientemente de la raza o la edad.
Omapatrilat, un agente líder, exhibió una mayor eficacia que los inhibidores de la ECA actuales y otros antihipertensivos, con efectos positivos en la insuficiencia cardíaca.

Conclusiones:

Los inhibidores de la vasopeptidasa son prometedores como tratamientos efectivos para la hipertensión y la insuficiencia cardíaca.
Su perfil de seguridad parece comparable al de los inhibidores de la ECA, aunque se necesitan más datos sobre los efectos secundarios.
Los ensayos clínicos a gran escala son cruciales para definir su papel junto con las terapias establecidas.

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