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El comportamiento sexual en Gran Bretaña: la experiencia heterosexual temprana
K Wellings1, K Nanchahal, W Macdowall
1Centre for Sexual Health Research, Department of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, WC1E 7HT, London, UK. kaye.wellings@lshtm.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|December 14, 2001
Resumen
El comportamiento sexual de los adolescentes en Gran Bretaña muestra una ligera disminución en las primeras relaciones sexuales entre las mujeres desde mediados de la década de 1990. Si bien las relaciones sexuales sin protección en la primera relación sexual son poco comunes, la maternidad temprana está vinculada a la educación, no a los antecedentes familiares.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Sociología Sociología Sociología.
- Demografía La demografía es la demografía.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las altas tasas de concepción en la adolescencia y las infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) en Gran Bretaña requieren investigación sobre el comportamiento sexual temprano.
- La segunda Encuesta Nacional de Actitudes y Estilos de Vida Sexuales (Natsal 2000) proporciona datos actualizados sobre estos temas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Analizar las tendencias en el comportamiento sexual temprano entre los jóvenes en Gran Bretaña.
- Para identificar los determinantes de la concepción adolescente, las ITS y los resultados relacionados.
Principales métodos:
- Una encuesta por muestreo de probabilidad de 11.161 hombres y mujeres de entre 16 y 44 años en Gran Bretaña se llevó a cabo entre 1999 y 2001.
- La recopilación de datos incluyó entrevistas asistidas por computadora y cuestionarios autocompletados sobre la historia sexual, la anticoncepción, el embarazo y las ITS.
Principales resultados:
- La proporción de mujeres que informaron su primera relación heterosexual antes de los 16 años aumentó hasta mediados de la década de 1990, pero no ha seguido aumentando.
- El uso del condón ha aumentado, y el no uso de anticonceptivos en la primera relación sexual ha disminuido con la disminución de la edad.
- Las primeras relaciones sexuales tempranas se asocian con el embarazo adolescente, mientras que el bajo nivel educativo está relacionado con la maternidad temprana.
Conclusiones:
- La tendencia de aumento de las primeras relaciones sexuales tempranas entre las mujeres parece haberse estabilizado.
- Las primeras relaciones sexuales sin protección son poco frecuentes entre los adolescentes, y la maternidad temprana está más fuertemente asociada con el nivel educativo que con los antecedentes familiares.
- Los factores de riesgo identificados ofrecen potencial para intervenciones preventivas específicas.
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