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La pérdida de nitrógeno de los bosques sudamericanos no contaminados se produce principalmente a través de compuestos
Steven S Perakis1, Lars O Hedin
1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Corson Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA. sperakis@usgs.gov
Nature
|January 25, 2002
Resumen
La pérdida de nitrógeno en los bosques templados no contaminados es principalmente orgánica, no de nitrato inorgánico. Este hallazgo desafía los modelos existentes y sugiere que el nitrógeno orgánico debe considerarse en la investigación del ciclo de nutrientes forestales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ecología Ecología Ecología.
- Biogeoquímica La biogeoquímica es la bioquímica.
- Ciencias Forestales Ciencias Forestales Ciencias Forestales
Sus antecedentes:
- Los modelos de ciclo de nitrógeno a menudo asumen la pérdida de nitrógeno inorgánico (nitrato, amonio) de los bosques templados.
- El nitrato se considera altamente móvil, lo que lleva a pérdidas en el suelo y el agua.
- Las actividades humanas han alterado significativamente los ciclos globales del nitrógeno, complicando las evaluaciones de los procesos naturales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar las vías de pérdida de nitrógeno en los bosques templados no contaminados de América del Sur.
- Para comparar los patrones de pérdida de nitrógeno en los ecosistemas prístinos con los de las regiones con impacto humano.
- Informar y refinar modelos conceptuales y numéricos del ciclo del nitrógeno forestal.
Principales métodos:
- Recogió datos de la química de las corrientes de 100 bosques templados primarios no contaminados.
- Las formas de nitrógeno analizadas (nitrato, amonio, nitrógeno orgánico disuelto) en el agua de la corriente.
- Examinó una amplia gama de factores ambientales que influyen en los ciclos de nutrientes en los sitios de estudio.
Principales resultados:
- Se observó un patrón consistente de pérdida de nitrógeno en todos los bosques estudiados, a pesar de las diversas condiciones ambientales.
- Se encontraron concentraciones de nitratos extremadamente bajas en el agua corriente, con proporciones de nitrato a amonio inferiores a uno.
- Determinado que el nitrógeno orgánico disuelto constituye la mayoría de la pérdida de nitrógeno de estos bosques.
Conclusiones:
- La pérdida de nitrógeno de los bosques templados se produce predominantemente a través del nitrógeno orgánico disuelto, contrariamente a los modelos predominantes.
- Los modelos existentes pueden necesitar revisión para incorporar las pérdidas de nitrógeno orgánico.
- Considerar el nitrógeno orgánico es crucial para comprender la limitación de nutrientes en los ecosistemas de bosques templados.
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