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Infección primaria por el herpesvirus humano 8 en niños inmunocompetentes
Massimo Andreoni1, Loredana Sarmati, Emanuele Nicastri
1Department of Public Health and Cellular Biology, University Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy. andreoni@uniroma2.it
JAMA
|March 12, 2002
Resumen
La infección primaria por el herpesvirus humano 8 (HHV-8) en niños puede causar una erupción maculopapular febril. Las pruebas de saliva confirmaron el ADN del HHV-8, lo que sugiere que esta es una ruta de transmisión primaria en poblaciones pediátricas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Virología Virología.
- La pediatría es la medicina de los niños.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Se sabe que el herpesvirus humano 8 (HHV-8) causa sarcoma de Kaposi y trastornos linfoproliferativos en adultos inmunodeprimidos.
- Las manifestaciones clínicas del HHV-8 en individuos inmunocompetentes, particularmente niños, siguen siendo en gran medida desconocidas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la infección primaria sintomática por HHV-8 en niños inmunocompetentes.
- Identificar los factores epidemiológicos y virológicos asociados con la infección por HHV-8 en este grupo de edad.
Principales métodos:
- Un estudio prospectivo de cohorte se llevó a cabo en un departamento de emergencias pediátricas en Alejandría, Egipto.
- Se evaluaron ochenta y seis niños de entre 1 y 4 años con enfermedad febril inexplicable.
- Los ensayos serológicos y la PCR en muestras de sangre y saliva se utilizaron para detectar el HHV-8, junto con la recopilación de datos de factores de riesgo.
Principales resultados:
- El 41,9% de los niños fueron seropositivos para el HHV-8, con ADN detectado en el 38,9% de ellos, principalmente en la saliva.
- La infección por HHV-8 se asoció significativamente con el contacto cercano con varios niños y las visitas al departamento de emergencias de la temporada de invierno.
- Seis niños mostraron signos de infección primaria por HHV-8, caracterizada por una erupción maculopapular febril en cinco casos.
Conclusiones:
- La infección primaria por HHV-8 en niños inmunocompetentes puede presentarse con una erupción maculopapular febril.
- La detección de ADN HHV-8 en la saliva apoya su papel como una ruta de transmisión primaria en poblaciones pediátricas.
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