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Responder al desafío de las enfermedades transmisibles en Europa
Laura MacLehose1, Martin McKee, Julius Weinberg
1European Observatory on Health Care Systems, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 16, 2002
Resumen
La vigilancia europea de las enfermedades transmisibles se enfrenta a desafíos crecientes por las infecciones nuevas y reemergentes. Mejorar los enfoques de red y abordar las cuestiones de gestión son cruciales para la preparación futura.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
- Enfermedades infecciosas Enfermedades infecciosas.
Sus antecedentes:
- El control de las enfermedades transmisibles en Europa ha pasado de ser una amenaza menor percibida a un foco principal debido a las enfermedades infecciosas emergentes y reemergentes.
- La colaboración internacional a través de un enfoque de red ha demostrado tener éxito en la detección de brotes, pero se enfrenta a problemas no resueltos de gestión y financiación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Analizar el panorama cambiante de la vigilancia y el control de enfermedades transmisibles en Europa.
- Identificar desafíos y estrategias innovadoras para la vigilancia en Europa y las regiones circundantes.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de las tendencias históricas en las amenazas de enfermedades transmisibles.
- Análisis de la eficacia del enfoque de red europea para la vigilancia de enfermedades.
- Examen de los desafíos en la vigilancia fuera de la Unión Europea, particularmente en Europa Central y Oriental y la antigua Unión Soviética.
Principales resultados:
- La aparición de nuevas y la reaparición de viejas enfermedades infecciosas requiere un enfoque renovado en la vigilancia europea.
- Si bien un enfoque de red ayuda en la detección de brotes, la gestión y la financiación siguen siendo obstáculos significativos.
- Los cambios económicos y políticos han introducido nuevos desafíos para la vigilancia en países fuera de la Unión Europea.
Conclusiones:
- La vigilancia eficaz de las enfermedades transmisibles en Europa requiere abordar las cuestiones de gestión y financiación no resueltas dentro de las redes existentes.
- Se están desarrollando e implementando esquemas de vigilancia innovadores en Europa Central y Oriental y la antigua Unión Soviética.
- La futura capacidad de vigilancia europea debe ser adaptable para hacer frente a las amenazas actuales y emergentes de enfermedades infecciosas.
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