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Frecuencia, gravedad y duración de las infecciones por rinovirus en individuos asmáticos y no asmáticos: un estudio
Jonathan M Corne1, Clare Marshall, Sandra Smith
1University Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK. Jonathan.Corne@mail.qmcuh-tr.trent.nhs.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|March 19, 2002
Resumen
Las personas con asma atópica no tienen un mayor riesgo de infección por rinovirus. Sin embargo, experimentan infecciones y síntomas del tracto respiratorio inferior (TRB) más frecuentes, graves y prolongados.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Medicina de las vías respiratorias Medicina de las vías respiratorias
- Enfermedades infecciosas Enfermedades infecciosas.
- Inmunología Inmunología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las infecciones por rinovirus son desencadenantes conocidos para las exacerbaciones del asma.
- Una hipótesis sugirió una mayor susceptibilidad al rinovirus en individuos con asma.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para comparar la susceptibilidad a la infección por rinovirus entre individuos con asma atópica y individuos sanos.
- Para evaluar las diferencias en el riesgo de infección, la gravedad y la duración.
Principales métodos:
- Se reclutaron 76 parejas de convivencia (una con asma, otra sana).
- Los participantes autoinformaron síntomas respiratorios (URT / LRT) y midieron el flujo expiratorio máximo diario.
- Se recogieron aspirados nasales cada dos semanas para detectar rinovirus; los modelos mixtos analizaron el riesgo de infección.
Principales resultados:
- Las tasas de detección de rinovirus fueron similares: 10.1% en el grupo de asma frente a 8.5% en el grupo sano (OR 1.15, IC del 95% 0.71-1.87).
- No hay diferencias significativas en la frecuencia, gravedad o duración de las infecciones del tracto respiratorio superior (TRU).
- Las infecciones del tracto respiratorio inferior (TRB) fueron más frecuentes y asociadas con síntomas más graves y duraderos en el grupo de asma.
Conclusiones:
- El asma atópica no aumenta el riesgo de infección por rinovirus.
- Las personas con asma experimentan infecciones de LRT más frecuentes y síntomas de LRT más graves y prolongados después de la infección por rinovirus.
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