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La lipoproteína de alta densidad restaura la función endotelial en hombres con hipercolesterolemia.

Lukas E Spieker¹, Isabella Sudano, David Hürlimann

¹Cardiology, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland.

|March 27, 2002

Resumen

La infusión reconstituida de lipoproteína de alta densidad (HDL) mejoró la función de los vasos sanguíneos en hombres con colesterol alto. Este tratamiento mejoró la disponibilidad de óxido nítrico (NO), reduciendo potencialmente el riesgo de aterosclerosis.

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Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias Cardiovasculares Ciencias Cardiovasculares
Investigación Metabólica de Investigación.

Sus antecedentes:

La hipercolesterolemia contribuye a la disfunción endotelial, un precursor de la aterosclerosis.
El colesterol de lipoproteínas de alta densidad (HDL) exhibe un efecto protector contra las enfermedades cardiovasculares.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar el impacto del HDL reconstituido (rHDL) en la función endotelial en hombres con hipercolesterolemia.
Evaluar el papel del óxido nítrico (NO) en los efectos de la rHDL en la vasodilatación.

Principales métodos:

La vasodilatación del antebrazo se midió utilizando una pletismografía de oclusión venosa en respuesta a la acetilcolina y el nitroprussido de sodio (SNP).
Los efectos de la infusión de rHDL en la vasodilatación se evaluaron en hombres con hipercolesterolemia, con y sin inhibición de la NO sintasa (L-NMMA).
Se evaluaron los cambios en los niveles plasmáticos de colesterol HDL y la dilatación mediada por el flujo de la arteria braquial.

Principales resultados:

Los hombres con hipercolesterolemia demostraron un deterioro de la vasodilatación dependiente del endotelio en comparación con los individuos con normocolesterolemia.
La infusión de rHDL aumentó significativamente los niveles de colesterol HDL y aumentó la vasodilatación inducida por acetilcolina.
La mejora en la vasodilatación dependía de la disponibilidad de óxido nítrico, ya que fue abolido por L-NMMA.
rHDL no afectó la vasodilatación inducida por SNP y mejoró la dilatación mediada por el flujo de la arteria braquial.

Conclusiones:

La infusión intravenosa de rHDL normaliza rápidamente la vasodilatación dependiente del endotelio en pacientes con hipercolesterolemia al aumentar la biodisponibilidad de NO.
Estos hallazgos sugieren un potencial terapéutico para aumentar los niveles de HDL para mitigar el riesgo de aterosclerosis y prevenir la enfermedad coronaria.