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Biología evolutiva: los genes de las lampreas Hox y el origen de las mandíbulas
1Division of Zoology, School of Animal and Microbial Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AJ, UK. m.j.cohn@reading.ac.uk
Nature
|March 29, 2002
Resumen
La evolución de las mandíbulas en los vertebrados puede estar relacionada con la pérdida de la expresión del gen Hox en el arco mandibular. Este estudio encontró la expresión del gen Hox en los arcos mandibulares de la lamprea, lo que sugiere que su ausencia facilitó el desarrollo de la mandíbula en vertebrados con mandíbula.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología del desarrollo evolutivo Biología del desarrollo evolutivo
- Paleontología de los vertebrados.
- Genética La genética.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los vertebrados con mandíbula (gnatostomas) desarrollaron mandíbulas, lo que permitió un estilo de vida depredador.
- El desarrollo de la mandíbula en los gnathostomes involucra el arco mandibular, que normalmente carece de la expresión del gen Hox.
- La expresión del gen Hox ectópico inhibe el desarrollo de la mandíbula en gnathostomes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el papel de los genes Hox en la evolución de las mandíbulas de los vertebrados.
- Comprender la base del desarrollo para la transición de los vertebrados sin mandíbula a los con mandíbula.
Principales métodos:
- Examinó los patrones de expresión del gen Hox en el arco mandibular de los embriones en desarrollo de la lamprea (agnatán).
- Realizó análisis comparativos con especies de grupos externos para inferir cambios evolutivos.
Principales resultados:
- Se descubrió que un gen Hox se expresaba en el arco mandibular de los embriones en desarrollo de la lamprea.
- Esto contrasta con la típica ausencia de expresión del gen Hox en el arco mandibular del gnathostoma.
Conclusiones:
- La pérdida de la expresión del gen Hox en el arco mandibular en los gnathostomes puede haber sido un evento clave que facilitó la evolución de la mandíbula.
- Comprender la regulación del gen Hox proporciona información sobre las principales innovaciones en los vertebrados.
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