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La disección aórtica aguda relacionada con el crack cocaína
Priscilla Y Hsue1, Cynthia L Salinas, Ann F Bolger
1Division of Cardiology, San Francisco General Hospital, CA 94110, USA.
Circulation
|April 3, 2002
Resumen
El consumo de cocaína, particularmente el crack, es una causa común de disección aórtica aguda en las poblaciones del centro de la ciudad. Esta condición a menudo afecta a individuos más jóvenes y requiere una consideración médica inmediata.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Cardiología Cardiología.
- Toxicología Toxicología.
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
Sus antecedentes:
- La disección aórtica aguda es una condición potencialmente mortal.
- Su asociación con el consumo de cocaína no es ampliamente reconocida.
- Las características de la disección aórtica relacionada con la cocaína siguen sin definirse.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para definir las características de la disección aórtica aguda relacionada con la cocaína.
- Evaluar la prevalencia de la disección aórtica en los usuarios de cocaína.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión retrospectiva de las cartas hospitalarias (1981-2001) con el diagnóstico ICD-9 de disección aórtica.
- Análisis de 38 casos de disección aórtica aguda.
- Comparación entre los grupos de disección relacionados y no relacionados con la cocaína.
Principales resultados:
- El 14% (37%) de las disecciones aórticas agudas se relacionaron con el consumo de cocaína (principalmente crack).
- Las disecciones relacionadas con la cocaína ocurrieron en pacientes más jóvenes, a menudo negros con hipertensión no tratada.
- El intervalo entre el consumo de cocaína y el inicio de los síntomas fue de 12 horas en promedio.
Conclusiones:
- La disección aórtica aguda asociada con el consumo de crack es prevalente en las poblaciones del interior de las ciudades.
- Esto es probablemente debido a la hipertensión inducida por la cocaína y la liberación de catecolaminas.
- Considere el uso de cocaína en pacientes que presentan dolor severo en el pecho y sospecha de disección aórtica.
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