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Evidencia del efecto del aprendizaje en el momento de la reproducción en las tetas azules
Fabrizio Grieco1, Arie J van Noordwijk, Marcel E Visser
1Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Center for Terrestrial Ecology, Post Office Box 40, 6666 ZG Heteren, Netherlands. grieco@cto.nioo.knaw.nl
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 6, 2002
Resumen
Tetas azules y azules.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ecología del comportamiento Ecología del comportamiento.
- Biología Aviar Biología Aviar
- Fenología Fenología Fenología.
Sus antecedentes:
- El tiempo de puesta de huevos es crucial para el éxito reproductivo de las aves.
- Los factores ambientales y la experiencia previa influyen en la fenología de la cría.
- Las tetas azules (Parus caeruleus) muestran fidelidad al sitio, reproduciéndose en el mismo lugar anualmente.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar experimentalmente el vínculo causal entre la experiencia del año anterior y la fecha posterior de puesta de huevos en tetas azules.
- Para determinar si la alimentación suplementaria en la fase de anidación afecta el tiempo de reproducción en el futuro.
- Evaluar la importancia adaptativa de este cambio fenológico impulsado por la experiencia en hábitats variables.
Principales métodos:
- Manipulación experimental de la disponibilidad de alimentos durante el período de anidación en una temporada de reproducción.
- Comparación de las fechas de puesta de huevos en el año siguiente entre las hembras de pez azul (Parus caeruleus) tratadas experimentalmente y las de control.
- Monitoreo de la fenología de la cría y el desarrollo de los pollitos en relación con la abundancia de alimentos naturales.
Principales resultados:
- Las hembras que recibieron alimento suplementario en el año anterior pusieron huevos significativamente más tarde en el año siguiente.
- Este retraso en la puesta de huevos se produjo independientemente de la sincronización con la disponibilidad de alimentos en el año anterior.
- En consecuencia, las crías se criaron más tarde en relación con el pico de disponibilidad de alimentos en el año siguiente.
Conclusiones:
- La experiencia nutricional del año anterior influye causalmente en la fecha de puesta de huevos en las tetas azules.
- Esta estrategia de reproducción retrasada puede ser adaptativa en hábitats heterogéneos con fluctuaciones en los recursos alimentarios.
- El comportamiento de reproducción confinado al sitio en las tetas azules facilita los beneficios a largo plazo de esta plasticidad fenológica.
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