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Mortalidad asociada con el síndrome de Down en los EE.UU. de 1983 a 1997: un estudio basado en la población
Quanhe Yang1, Sonja A Rasmussen, J M Friedman
1National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, MS F-45, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA. qyang@cdc.gov
Lancet (London, England)
|April 9, 2002
Resumen
La edad media de muerte de las personas con síndrome de Down ha aumentado significativamente, pero persisten las disparidades raciales. La incidencia de cáncer es notablemente más baja, a excepción de la leucemia, lo que sugiere posibles factores protectores.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Genética y salud humana.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
- Investigación médica Investigación médica.
Sus antecedentes:
- El síndrome de Down es la principal causa de discapacidad intelectual.
- Existen datos limitados sobre la mortalidad y la comorbilidad en individuos con síndrome de Down.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar las tendencias de mortalidad y comorbilidades comunes en personas con síndrome de Down.
- Para investigar las diferencias raciales en la supervivencia y la incidencia del cáncer.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron los datos de los certificados de defunción estadounidenses de 1983-1997.
- Edad mediana calculada en el momento de la muerte y proporciones estandarizadas de probabilidades de mortalidad (SMOR).
Principales resultados:
- La edad media de muerte aumentó de 25 a 49 años entre 1983 y 1997.
- Los defectos cardíacos congénitos, la demencia y el hipotiroidismo fueron comorbilidades altamente prevalentes.
- La incidencia de cáncer, excluida la leucemia, fue significativamente menor de lo esperado en individuos con síndrome de Down.
Conclusiones:
- Las disparidades raciales en la supervivencia requieren más investigación.
- Los posibles mecanismos de protección contra el cáncer en el síndrome de Down merecen exploración, posiblemente involucrando genes del cromosoma 21 o procesos celulares.
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