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Pastoreo africano: huellas genéticas de los orígenes y las migraciones
Olivier Hanotte1, Daniel G Bradley, Joel W Ochieng
1International Livestock Research Institute, Post Office Box 30709, Nairobi, Kenya. o.hanotte@cgiar.org
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 16, 2002
Resumen
Pastoreo de ganado africano Pastoreo de ganado africano.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Genética La genética.
- Zoología Zoología Zoología.
- La historia de África La historia de África La historia de África
Sus antecedentes:
- La historia genética del pastoreo de ganado africano es poco conocida.
- El conocimiento existente sobre los orígenes y movimientos del ganado en África es limitado y debatido.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para revelar las firmas genéticas de los orígenes del ganado africano.
- Comprender los movimientos secundarios y la diferenciación de las razas de ganado en África.
- Para investigar las influencias genéticas del Cercano Oriente y Europa en el ganado africano.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de la localización de 15 microsatélites.
- Estudio de 50 razas de ganado autóctono en toda África.
- Análisis genético para rastrear los orígenes y movimientos del ganado.
Principales resultados:
- El ganado bovino se originó en África, con influencias genéticas posteriores del Cercano Oriente y Europa.
- La expansión inicial del Bos taurus africano probablemente se originó en una sola región.
- El ganado se extendió hacia el sur a través de una ruta oriental, y la influencia genética de Bos indicus entró a través del Cuerno y la costa este.
Conclusiones:
- El estudio aclara la compleja historia genética del ganado africano.
- Identifica las principales rutas y puntos de entrada para la expansión y la introgestión del ganado en África.
- Proporciona un marco genético para comprender el pastoreo de ganado africano.
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