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Documentación audiovisual del consentimiento oral: un nuevo método de consentimiento informado para poblaciones
Oscar Benitez1, Dominique Devaux, Jean Dausset
1Guarani Indians Project, Paris, France. benitezoscartheo@aol.com
Lancet (London, England)
|April 30, 2002
Resumen
Obtener el consentimiento informado de las poblaciones analfabetas es un reto. Este estudio introduce la documentación audiovisual del consentimiento oral como un método viable para la investigación ética en diversas comunidades.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Bioética y bioética.
- Antropología médica Antropología médica.
- Genética La genética.
Sus antecedentes:
- El consentimiento informado es crucial para la ética de la investigación en humanos.
- El consentimiento escrito tradicional es inaccesible para las poblaciones analfabetas.
- Existen desafíos en la documentación del consentimiento en comunidades no alfabetizadas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para evaluar la documentación audiovisual del consentimiento oral.
- Evaluar su idoneidad para poblaciones analfabetas en la investigación genética.
- Proponerlo como un procedimiento ético estándar.
Principales métodos:
- Documentación audiovisual (vídeo, cinta de audio, fotografía) de consentimiento oral.
- Aplicación en el Proyecto de los Indios Guaraní, un estudio genético.
- Proceso de consentimiento informado adaptado para los participantes guaraníes paraguayos.
Principales resultados:
- Se obtuvo el consentimiento de 42 de aproximadamente 100 participantes potenciales.
- El método audiovisual facilitó el ejercicio de la negativa.
- Más de la mitad de los participantes potenciales pudieron ejercer su libertad de rechazo.
Conclusiones:
- La documentación audiovisual del consentimiento oral es un método práctico para las poblaciones analfabetas.
- Este método asegura una conducta ética en la investigación y respeta la autonomía de los participantes.
- Ofrece una alternativa viable al consentimiento por escrito en diversos entornos de investigación.
Palabras clave:
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