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Extrapolación de la correlación entre 2 variables en 4 revistas médicas generales
1Department of Research, Jersey Shore Medical Center, Meridian Health System, 1945 State Rte 33, Neptune, NJ 07753, USA. yhkuo@jhu.edu
JAMA
|June 1, 2002
Resumen
La extrapolación de datos en la literatura médica es común y arriesgada. Un estudio encontró que el 59% de los artículos analizados usaron la extrapolación sin una indicación clara, lo que podría conducir a conclusiones erróneas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Metodología de la investigación médica Metodología de la investigación médica.
- Normas de publicación científica para la publicación científica.
Sus antecedentes:
- La validez estadística se limita a los rangos de datos observados.
- La extrapolación más allá de los datos observados conlleva riesgos inherentes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar la frecuencia de los problemas de extrapolación de datos en revistas médicas prominentes.
- Evaluar la adhesión a las mejores prácticas con respecto a la extrapolación en publicaciones científicas.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión manual de artículos publicados en BMJ, JAMA, The Lancet y NEJM (enero-junio de 2000).
- Criterios de inclusión: gráficos de dispersión con datos sin procesar y líneas de regresión ajustadas.
- Definición de extrapolación: línea ajustada que se extiende más allá de los datos observados.
Principales resultados:
- 37 artículos cumplían con los criterios de inclusión; 22 (59%) incluían extrapolación.
- Ningún artículo indicó la extrapolación con distintos tipos de líneas.
- El 11% de las parcelas extrapoladas mostraron valores irrazonables; el 8% sacó conclusiones fuera de los datos observados.
Conclusiones:
- Una proporción significativa de artículos médicos emplean la extrapolación sin la indicación adecuada.
- Los investigadores, revisores y editores deben abordar y mitigar los riesgos de extrapolación.
- Se necesita una mejor conciencia y prácticas para garantizar un informe científico preciso.
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