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El sesgo de publicación en la toma de decisiones editoriales.
Carin M Olson1, Drummond Rennie, Deborah Cook
1JAMA, Chicago, IL, USA. colson@u.washington.edu
JAMA
|June 1, 2002
Resumen
Este estudio no encontró diferencias significativas en las tasas de publicación para los manuscritos presentados que informaron resultados positivos versus negativos. El sesgo de publicación puede no ser tan frecuente después de la presentación del manuscrito como se pensaba anteriormente.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La integridad de la investigación médica.
- La publicación académica es la publicación académica.
- La bioestadística es la bioestadística.
Sus antecedentes:
- El sesgo de publicación, donde los resultados positivos son favorecidos sobre los negativos, es un problema conocido en la literatura científica.
- Los autores pueden estar menos inclinados a presentar manuscritos con hallazgos negativos, lo que contribuye a este sesgo.
- Este estudio investiga si existe un sesgo de publicación después de que los manuscritos se envían a las revistas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para determinar si los manuscritos presentados que informan resultados positivos de ensayos controlados tienen una mayor probabilidad de publicación en comparación con los que informan resultados negativos.
- Para evaluar el sesgo de publicación en el contexto de los manuscritos presentados.
Principales métodos:
- Un estudio de cohorte prospectivo analizó 745 manuscritos enviados a JAMA entre febrero de 1996 y agosto de 1999.
- Los manuscritos se clasificaron en función de los resultados informados: positivo (P<.05 para el resultado primario), negativo o no claro.
- Se evaluaron las características del estudio y los indicadores de calidad para ajustarlos a posibles factores de confusión.
Principales resultados:
- De los 745 manuscritos presentados, 133 (17,9%) fueron publicados.
- Las tasas de publicación fueron del 20,4% para los resultados positivos, del 15,0% para los resultados negativos y del 19,0% para los resultados poco claros.
- Después de ajustar las características y la calidad del estudio, la relación de probabilidades para publicar resultados positivos frente a resultados negativos fue de 1,30 (95% IC, 0,87-1,96), lo que no fue estadísticamente significativo.
Conclusiones:
- El estudio no encontró evidencia estadísticamente significativa de sesgo de publicación entre los manuscritos presentados.
- Los manuscritos presentados que informaron resultados positivos no se publicaron a una tasa significativamente mayor que los que informaron resultados negativos.
- Esto sugiere que el sesgo de publicación puede no ser un factor significativo una vez que los manuscritos entran en el proceso de presentación de revistas.
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