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Published on: March 29, 2016
Distribución del hidrógeno en la superficie cercana de Marte: evidencia de depósitos subterráneos de hielo
W V Boynton1, W C Feldman, S W Squyres
1Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. wboynton@lpl.arizona.edu
Resumen
La Odisea de Marte fue la Odisea de Marte.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
- Astrobiología Astrobiología.
- Geología Geología Geología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Marte posee capas polares de hielo, pero la extensión y composición del hielo subsuperficial siguen siendo áreas de investigación activa.
- Comprender la distribución del hidrógeno es clave para evaluar la habitabilidad pasada de Marte y el potencial de recursos hídricos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para identificar y caracterizar las regiones subterráneas ricas en hidrógeno en Marte utilizando datos orbitales.
- Para investigar la composición y el estado físico de estos depósitos de hidrógeno.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó datos del espectrómetro de rayos gamma a bordo del orbitador Mars Odyssey.
- Analizó la distribución del hidrógeno y la densidad de la columna en relación con la latitud y predijo las zonas de estabilidad del hielo.
Principales resultados:
- Identificó dos regiones polares distintas con un significativo enriquecimiento de hidrógeno subterráneo.
- Se observó una disminución en el espesor de la capa superpuesta pobre en hidrógeno hacia los polos.
- Las capas ricas en hidrógeno mostraron una fuerte correlación con las áreas que se predijo ser estables para el hielo de agua.
Conclusiones:
- El hidrógeno subterráneo probablemente esté en forma de hielo de agua, que comprende aproximadamente el 35% en peso de la capa enriquecida.
- Estos hallazgos apoyan la presencia de importantes depósitos subterráneos de hielo en las latitudes polares marcianas.
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