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OMS: las bajas y los compromisos de la renovación
1The Lancet, 32 Jamestown Road, London NW1 7BY, UK. richard.horton@lancet.com
Lancet (London, England)
|June 6, 2002
Resumen
La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) ha recuperado la credibilidad y la conciencia de la salud mundial bajo Gro Harlem Brundtland. Sin embargo, las cuestiones de gestión interna crean una brecha entre los objetivos de liderazgo y las realidades sobre el terreno.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Política de salud global Política de salud global.
- Organizaciones internacionales de la salud Organizaciones internacionales de la salud.
- Gestión de la salud pública Gestión de la salud pública.
Sus antecedentes:
- La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) experimentó un declive en su autoridad durante las décadas de 1980 y 1990.
- La dirección de Gro Harlem Brundtland inició importantes reformas estratégicas y estructurales.
- Los éxitos históricos de la agencia incluyen la erradicación de la viruela y la defensa de la salud para todos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar los éxitos y fracasos de la Organización Mundial de la Salud bajo la dirección de la Directora General Gro Harlem Brundtland.
- Evaluar el impacto de las reformas en el mandato y la eficacia operativa de la OMS.
- Identificar el cisma entre las aspiraciones del liderazgo de la OMS y las realidades de la organización.
Principales métodos:
- Evaluación cualitativa a través de entrevistas con el Director General Brundtland, directores ejecutivos, miembros de asociaciones de personal y gerentes de programas.
- Observación de las reuniones y discusiones de la OMS (excluyendo las deliberaciones presupuestarias).
- Análisis del desempeño de la OMS en programas de salud clave como StopTB, Roll Back Malaria y VIH-SIDA.
Principales resultados:
- La credibilidad de la OMS se ha fortalecido, y la conciencia de la salud mundial se ha elevado en las agendas políticas.
- El liderazgo en los niveles superiores demuestra confianza y claridad en el propósito, superando las visiones pasadas.
- A pesar de los mandatos revitalizados, la mala gestión ha introducido nuevas tensiones, y el liderazgo parece reacio a abordarlas.
Conclusiones:
- El liderazgo de la OMS ha mejorado con éxito su posición global y su influencia política.
- Existe una desconexión significativa entre los objetivos estratégicos de la OMS y su ejecución operativa debido a los desafíos de gestión.
- Abordar las deficiencias de la gestión interna es crucial para alinear las aspiraciones de la OMS con su impacto en el terreno.
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