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La lactancia materna y la reducción del riesgo de obesidad infantil
Julie Armstrong1, John J Reilly,
1Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
Lancet (London, England)
|June 22, 2002
Resumen
La lactancia materna puede proteger contra la obesidad infantil. Este estudio encontró tasas de obesidad significativamente más bajas en niños amamantados, lo que sugiere un efecto protector incluso después de tener en cuenta otros factores. Esto apoya la lactancia materna para la salud a largo plazo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La pediatría es la medicina de los niños.
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La obesidad infantil es un problema de salud pública cada vez mayor.
- La evidencia que vincula la lactancia materna con el riesgo reducido de obesidad no es concluyente.
- Comprender los factores protectores para el desarrollo de un peso saludable es crucial.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la asociación entre la lactancia materna y el riesgo de obesidad en la primera infancia.
- Para probar la hipótesis de que la lactancia materna confiere protección contra la obesidad posterior.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio basado en la población de 32.200 niños escoceses.
- Datos recopilados entre 1998-1999, evaluando a los niños a los 39-42 meses.
- Obesidad definida por el índice de masa corporal (IMC) en los percentiles 95 y 98 o más.
Principales resultados:
- La prevalencia de la obesidad fue significativamente menor en los niños amamantados.
- Esta asociación se mantuvo significativa después de ajustar por el estatus socioeconómico, el peso al nacer y el sexo.
- El coeficiente de probabilidad ajustado para la obesidad (IMC ≥ percentil 98) fue de 0,70 (95% IC 0,61-0,80).
Conclusiones:
- La lactancia materna se asocia con un riesgo reducido de obesidad infantil.
- Los hallazgos sugieren un papel protector para la lactancia materna en la prevención de la obesidad.
- Apoya las iniciativas de salud pública que promueven la lactancia materna para la salud infantil a largo plazo.
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