Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Jul 6, 2026
08:01
A Method for Manipulating Blood Glucose and Measuring Resulting Changes in Cognitive Accessibility of Target Stimuli
Published on: August 12, 2016
Acarbose para la prevención de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2: el ensayo aleatorizado STOP-NIDDM
Jean-Louis Chiasson1, Robert G Josse, Ramon Gomis
1Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Hôtel-Dieu, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. jean.louis-chiasson@umontreal.ca
Lancet (London, England)
|June 28, 2002
Resumen
Acarbose retrasó significativamente el desarrollo de la diabetes tipo 2 en pacientes con intolerancia a la glucosa. Este inhibidor de la alfa-glucosidasa también promovió la reversión a la tolerancia normal a la glucosa, ofreciendo una nueva opción de tratamiento.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Endocrinología Endocrinología.
- Enfermedades Metabólicas Las enfermedades metabólicas.
- Farmacología Farmacología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DMT2) es un problema de salud mundial cada vez mayor.
- La alteración de la tolerancia a la glucosa (IGT) es un estado precursor de la DMT2.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar la eficacia de la acarbosa en la prevención o el retraso de la progresión de la IGT a DM2.
Principales métodos:
- Un ensayo multicéntrico, aleatorizado y controlado con placebo que involucró a pacientes con IGT.
- Los participantes recibieron 100 mg de acarbosa o placebo tres veces al día.
- El resultado primario fue el desarrollo de diabetes evaluado a través de pruebas anuales de tolerancia oral a la glucosa (OGTT).
Principales resultados:
- La acarbosa redujo significativamente la conversión de IGT a T2DM (peligro relativo 0,75; p=0,0015).
- El tratamiento con acarbosa condujo a un aumento significativo en la reversión de la IGT a la tolerancia normal a la glucosa (p<0.0001).
- Los efectos secundarios comunes de la acarbosa incluyen flatulencia y diarrea.
Conclusiones:
- Acarbose es eficaz para retrasar el inicio de la DMT2 en individuos con IGT.
- Se puede utilizar como una alternativa o complemento a las modificaciones del estilo de vida para la prevención de la diabetes.
- Acarbose ofrece una estrategia terapéutica potencial para el manejo de la prediabetes.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
01:26Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones
Biguanides, particularly metformin (Glucophage), are insulin sensitizers that enhance glucose uptake, thereby reducing insulin resistance. Unlike sulfonylureas, metformin doesn't prompt insulin secretion, which helps to curb hypoglycemia risk. Metformin is beneficial in treating conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome due to its insulin-resistance reduction capability. The drug's primary action involves curtailing hepatic gluconeogenesis, a significant contributor to high blood glucose levels...
01:06Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides
Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively manages...
01:19Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors
α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
Acarbose and miglitol are typically...
Acarbose and miglitol are typically...
01:26Type II Diabetes I: Introduction
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, in which target tissues such as the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue respond poorly to insulin. It is also associated with inadequate compensatory insulin secretion, where pancreatic β-cells fail to produce sufficient insulin. Together, these abnormalities lead to persistent hyperglycemia.EtiologyT2DM develops through a complex interaction of genetic predisposition and environmental or...
01:26Hypoglycemia
Hypoglycemia is a blood glucose level below 70 mg/dL. It commonly occurs in individuals using insulin or insulin-secreting drugs, but may also arise in non-diabetic conditions. People with type 1 diabetes are at the highest risk because they depend on exogenous insulin. People with type 2 diabetes are also at risk, especially when treated with insulin or medications such as sulfonylureas, which increase insulin release regardless of blood glucose levels. It develops when insulin levels exceed...