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Predisposición a la aterosclerosis por infecciones: el papel de la disfunción endotelial

Abhiram Prasad¹, Jianhui Zhu, Julian P J Halcox

¹Cardiology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md, USA.

|July 10, 2002

Resumen

Las infecciones aumentan el riesgo de aterosclerosis. Una mayor carga de patógenos, indicada por títulos de anticuerpos múltiples positivos, está relacionada con la presencia, gravedad y disfunción endotelial de la enfermedad de las arterias coronarias (CAD).

Área de la Ciencia:

Medicina Cardiovascular La medicina cardiovascular es una especialidad de la salud.
Inmunología de Enfermedades Infecciosas Inmunología de Enfermedades Infecciosas

Sus antecedentes:

La patogénesis de la aterosclerosis involucra a varios microorganismos.
Las infecciones pueden promover la aterosclerosis al causar lesiones en el endotelio.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar la asociación entre la carga de patógenos y la aterosclerosis.
Para determinar si las infecciones contribuyen a la disfunción endotelial y la enfermedad de las arterias coronarias (CAD).

Principales métodos:

Se evaluó la función endotelial en 218 pacientes que utilizaron acetilcolina intracoronaria (ACH).
Títulos de anticuerpos de inmunoglobulina-G medidos para múltiples patógenos.
Carga patógena definida como el recuento de títulos positivos de anticuerpos.

Principales resultados:

La carga de patógenos se correlacionó con la presencia de CAD (OR 1.3, P = 0.018) y la gravedad (P = 0.001).
La carga patógena predijo de manera independiente la disfunción endotelial (P = 0,009) a través de la respuesta ACH.
La carga patógena determinó la función endotelial en pacientes con arterias coronarias normales.

Conclusiones:

La exposición a múltiples patógenos (carga de patógenos) es un factor de riesgo independiente para la disfunción endotelial y la CAD.
La disfunción endotelial sirve como un mecanismo clave que vincula los patógenos a la aterogénesis.

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