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Super ENSO y las oscilaciones climáticas globales en escalas de tiempo milenarias
Lowell Stott1, Christopher Poulsen, Steve Lund
1Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, 3651 Trousdale Parkway, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA. stott@usc.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 13, 2002
Resumen
La salinidad del Pacífico del Pleistoceno tardío fluctuó con la de Groenlandia.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La paleoceanografía es la paleoceanografía.
- Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima
- Geología marina Geología marina.
Sus antecedentes:
- Comprender la variabilidad climática pasada en el Pacífico tropical es crucial para interpretar la dinámica climática global.
- La piscina cálida del Pacífico occidental es una región clave para el transporte global de calor y humedad.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para reconstruir la temperatura y la salinidad del agua de mar del Pleistoceno tardío en la piscina cálida del Pacífico occidental tropical.
- Investigar la relación entre las condiciones del Pacífico tropical y los ciclos climáticos de altas latitudes.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis del isótopo de oxígeno (delta18O) y la composición de magnesio/calcio en foraminíferos planctónicos.
- Deconvolución de registros de delta18O de calcita para separar las señales de temperatura y delta18O de agua local.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificó una señal de salinidad dominante, fuertemente correlacionada con los ciclos Dansgaard/Oeschger de Groenlandia.
- Las salinidades más altas ocurrieron durante el enfriamiento de latitudes altas (estadios), y las salinidades más bajas durante los interestadios más cálidos.
- Las variaciones de salinidad sugieren desplazamientos de la atmósfera del océano Pacífico tropical análogos a la moderna Oscilación El Niño-Sur (ENSO), con El Niño correlacionado con estadios y La Niña con interestadios.
Conclusiones:
- Los cambios a escala milenaria en la convección atmosférica influyeron en el Pacífico occidental tropical.
- Estos cambios se correlacionan con los gases de efecto invernadero atmosféricos más bajos (CO2, N2O, CH4) durante los estadios.
- Los patrones de variabilidad del océano extratropical observados son consistentes con las dinámicas del Pacífico tropical negativamente correlacionadas con El Niño.
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