Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Jul 15, 2026
19:15
Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
Published on: August 25, 2014
La suplementación de zinc durante el embarazo y los efectos sobre el desarrollo mental y el comportamiento de los
Jena D Hamadani1, George J Fuchs, Saskia J M Osendarp
1Centre for Health and Population Research, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh.
Lancet (London, England)
|July 31, 2002
Resumen
La suplementación prenatal de zinc para mujeres embarazadas en Bangladesh no mejoró el desarrollo infantil. Los bebés en el grupo placebo mostraron mejores puntuaciones cognitivas y psicomotrices a los 13 meses.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Materna y Infantil.
- Ciencias de la Nutrición Ciencias de la Nutrición
- Pediatría del desarrollo Pediatría del desarrollo.
Sus antecedentes:
- La deficiencia de zinc es un importante problema de salud pública en las naciones en desarrollo.
- Estudios anteriores indicaron que la suplementación prenatal con zinc redujo las enfermedades infecciosas en los bebés.
- Este estudio investigó los efectos a largo plazo en el desarrollo del zinc prenatal en bebés bangladesíes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar el impacto de la suplementación prenatal de zinc en el desarrollo y el comportamiento del bebé a los 13 meses de edad.
- Evaluar los efectos a largo plazo de la ingesta materna de zinc durante el embarazo en los resultados del desarrollo infantil.
- Para determinar si el zinc prenatal confiere beneficios más allá de reducir las infecciones de la primera infancia.
Principales métodos:
- En un ensayo controlado aleatorio en el que participaron 559 mujeres embarazadas, se les asignó zinc o placebo.
- Evaluación de seguimiento a los 13 meses en una submuestra de 168 bebés.
- Evaluación del desarrollo mental y psicomotor utilizando las Escalas Bayley de Desarrollo Infantil-II y evaluaciones conductuales.
Principales resultados:
- Los bebés en el grupo placebo mostraron puntuaciones significativamente más altas en el índice de desarrollo mental y psicomotor.
- La suplementación prenatal con zinc no mostró un impacto significativo en el comportamiento del bebé o el crecimiento físico.
- El estado nutricional deficiente, indicado por el peso por edad, correlacionado con los niveles de desarrollo, influye en los efectos del tratamiento.
Conclusiones:
- La suplementación prenatal de zinc por sí sola en mujeres bangladesíes desnutridas no mejora el desarrollo mental infantil.
- El uso de suplementos de zinc en esta población requiere una consideración cautelosa debido a la falta de beneficios demostrados.
- Es posible que se necesite más investigación para explorar intervenciones nutricionales óptimas para el desarrollo infantil en entornos con recursos limitados.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
01:21Factors Affecting Drug Response: Overview
When it comes to infants and young children, they are typically administered smaller doses of medication in comparison to adults. This is primarily because their organ functions still need to fully develop, meaning their bodies are not as efficient at metabolizing or eliminating drugs. Additionally, their blood-brain barrier is more permeable than in adults. As a result, high concentrations of drugs can easily penetrate the central nervous system (CNS), potentially leading to neurological...
01:07Teratogenicity
The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
01:23Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption
Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
01:24Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism
In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...
01:28Human Genetics
Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
01:29Environmental Influences on Intelligence
Despite the strong genetic influence on traits like intelligence, environmental factors significantly shape outcomes. For example, while over 90% of height variation is due to genetic differences, environmental factors such as nutrition also have a notable impact. Similarly, for intelligence, changes in a child's surroundings can significantly alter their IQ. Research shows that enriched environments boost children's academic success and help them develop key cognitive skills. Children from...