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Razones económicas para la conservación de la naturaleza salvaje
Andrew Balmford1, Aaron Bruner, Philip Cooper
1Conservation Biology Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. a.balmford@zoo.cam.ac.uk
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 10, 2002
Resumen
La protección de los hábitats naturales proporciona beneficios económicos significativos, que superan con creces los costos de conversión. Los esfuerzos de conservación ofrecen un retorno sustancial de la inversión, estimado en más de 100:1.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ecología Ecología Ecología.
- Economía del medio ambiente La economía del medio ambiente.
- Ciencias de la Conservación Ciencias de la Conservación.
Sus antecedentes:
- La pérdida y degradación del hábitat persiste a nivel mundial, en gran medida sin control desde la cumbre de Río de Janeiro.
- Los hábitats naturales proporcionan beneficios económicos sustanciales, aunque a menudo pasados por alto.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar el progreso en la conservación del hábitat durante la última década.
- Para evaluar los beneficios económicos de los hábitats naturales frente a la conversión.
- Para estimar la relación costo-beneficio de los programas globales de conservación.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la evidencia acumulada sobre los servicios de los ecosistemas.
- Análisis económico que compara la conservación y la conversión del hábitat.
- Estimación de las relaciones costo-beneficio para las iniciativas globales de conservación.
Principales resultados:
- La pérdida de hábitat ha continuado en gran medida sin disminuir.
- Los beneficios económicos de los sistemas naturales exceden a los de la conversión.
- La relación costo-beneficio para una conservación global efectiva se estima en un mínimo de 100:1.
Conclusiones:
- La conservación de la naturaleza silvestre ofrece importantes ventajas económicas.
- La inversión en programas globales de conservación es altamente rentable.
- Se necesitan medidas urgentes para detener la degradación del hábitat y obtener beneficios económicos.
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