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Published on: October 25, 2019
Génesis del diamante, estructura sísmica y evolución del cratón Kaapvaal-Zimbabwe
Steven B Shirey1, Jeffrey W Harris, Stephen H Richardson
1Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5241 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, DC 20015, USA. shirey@dtm.ciw.edu
Resumen
Variaciones de la velocidad sísmica de las ondas P en el cratón Kaapvaal-Zimbabwe.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La geofísica es la geofísica.
- La geoquímica es la geoquímica.
- La mineralogía es la Mineralogía.
Sus antecedentes:
- El manto litosférico del cratón Kaapvaal-Zimbabwe contiene pistas sobre la historia temprana de la Tierra.
- Comprender la composición del manto es crucial para descifrar la evolución cratónica y la formación de diamantes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la relación entre las velocidades sísmicas de las ondas P en el manto litosférico del cratón Kaapvaal-Zimbabwe y la composición del diamante.
- Para reconstruir los procesos petrogenéticos y los eventos geológicos que dieron forma al cratón y sus poblaciones de diamantes.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de datos de velocidad sísmica de ondas P a varias profundidades dentro del campo de estabilidad del diamante.
- Correlación de datos sísmicos con la composición de los diamantes y sus inclusiones singenéticas.
Principales resultados:
- Las variaciones de la velocidad sísmica se correlacionan con distintos tipos de diamantes (harzburgitic, eclogitic, lherzolitic) y sus inclusiones.
- Los eventos de agotamiento del manto del Arcaico Medio llevaron a la formación de diamantes harzburgitic.
- Los eventos de acreción del Arcaico tardío introdujeron los diamantes eclogíticos.
- Los eventos proterozoicos agregaron más diamantes lherzolíticos y eclogíticos.
Conclusiones:
- El manto litosférico del cratón Kaapvaal-Zimbabwe tiene una compleja historia de agotamiento, acreción y alteración.
- La composición del diamante sirve como un poderoso rastreador para los procesos del manto y la evolución cratónica a lo largo del tiempo geológico.
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