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Transmisión retroviral entre especies desde macacos a seres humanos

James I Brooks¹, Erling W Rud, Richard G Pilon

¹Bureau of HIV/AIDS, STD, and TB, Centre for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada.

Lancet (London, England)

|September 21, 2002

Resumen

El virus espumoso simio (SFV) puede transmitirse de los macacos a los humanos, un hallazgo respaldado por pruebas de anticuerpos y ADN en trabajadores de instalaciones de primates. Este descubrimiento tiene importantes implicaciones para la salud pública y la seguridad en el trabajo.

Área de la Ciencia:

Virología Virología.
Investigación en primates Investigación en primates.
Salud Pública La salud pública.

Sus antecedentes:

Se ha documentado la transmisión entre especies del virus de la espuma simio (SFV) de primates no humanos como los chimpancés, los babuinos y los monos verdes africanos a los humanos.
Los macacos se utilizan ampliamente en la investigación biomédica, sin embargo, no se ha informado previamente de una infección humana por SFV originada en macacos.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar el potencial de transmisión del virus de la espuma simio (SFV) de los macacos a los humanos que trabajan en instalaciones de primates.
Identificar y caracterizar la infección por SFV en poblaciones humanas con exposición ocupacional a macacos.

Principales métodos:

Pruebas serológicas utilizando inmunoblots con antígenos del virus espumoso del macaco para detectar anticuerpos en trabajadores de instalaciones de primates.
Análisis filogenético de ADN proviral amplificado de células mononucleares de sangre periférica de individuos infectados.

Principales resultados:

Dos de los 46 trabajadores de las instalaciones de primates dieron positivo por anticuerpos reactivos a los antígenos del virus espumoso del macaco.
El análisis filogenético de un fragmento de ADN de un individuo infectado indicó una infección por SFV de origen macaco.

Conclusiones:

La infección humana con el virus de la espuma simio (SFV) originado en macacos es posible.
Los hallazgos ponen de relieve las posibles preocupaciones de salud pública y seguridad en el trabajo debido a la transmisión de SFV de macaco a humano en entornos de investigación.

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